第10章 Nelson Rolihlahla Mandela 纳尔逊·罗利赫拉赫拉·曼德拉
纳尔逊·曼德拉是20世纪90年代非洲政坛上一颗最耀眼的明星。为了推翻南非白人种族主义统治，他进行了长达50年艰苦卓绝的斗争，铁窗面壁27年。最终，从阶下囚一跃成为南非第一任黑人总统，为新南非开创了一个民主统一的局面。
About Mandela 关于曼德拉
Nelson Rolihlahla Mandela served as President of South Africa from 1994 to 1999,and was the first South African president to be elected in a fully representative democratic election.Before his presidency,Mandela was an anti-apartheid activist,and the leader of Umkhonto we Sizwe,the armed wing of the African National Congress (ANC).In 1962 he was arrested and convicted of sabotage and other charges,and sentenced to life in prison.Mandela served 27 years in prison,spending many of these years on Robben Island.Following his release from prison on 11 February 1990,Mandela led his party in the negotiations that led to multi-racial democracy in 1994.As president from 1994 to 1999,he frequently gave priority to reconciliation.
In South Africa,Mandela is often known as Madiba,his Xhosa clan name;or as tata (Xhosa:father).Mandela has received more than 250 awards over four decades,including the 1993 Nobel Peace Prize.
纳尔逊·罗利赫拉赫拉·曼德拉是南非首位黑人总统（任期：1994年—1999年），被尊称为南非国父。
他领导的非国大在结束南非种族主义的斗争中发挥了极其重要的作用。1994年4月新南非诞生，标志着非洲大陆反帝、反殖民统治、反对种族隔离的政治解放任务胜利完成，载入了人类历史文明进程的光辉史册。1993年曼德拉和当时的白人总统德克勒克同获诺贝尔和平奖。1994年5月曼德拉当选为南非历史上第一位黑人总统，在国内外享有崇高的声誉。曼德拉是一个标志，他代表了历经千辛万苦、南非人民用生命作为代价所换来的政治转型。对于这个国家而言，他扮演了“国父”的角色。即使在狱中，曼德拉也多次成为全球焦点，他的号召力和影响力遍及全世界。1981年，1万余名法国人联名向南非驻法使馆发出请愿书，要求释放曼德拉；1982年，全球53个国家的2000名市长又为曼德拉的获释而签名请愿；1983年，英国78名议员发表联合声明，50多个城市市长在伦敦盛装游行，要求英国首相向南非施加压力，恢复曼德拉自由。如此人缘无人能及，难怪有人称曼德拉为“全球总统”。
Key words&Sentences
关键词句全知道
But there is no doubt that Mandela has become its personification.
但毫无疑问的是，曼德拉已经成为运动的化身。
The lesson that Mandela taught this country about the need for reconciliation is now widely accepted.
曼德拉教诲这个国家必须进行和解，这一点已经得到广泛的认同。
From then on,he succeeded in reporting prominent political figures like Mandela and Yasser Arafat.
从那以后，他成功地报道了曼德拉、阿拉法特等卓越的政治人物。
Which other country has a moral colossus to match Mandela?
哪个国家有曼德拉那样的贤人？
The exchange is said to have happened when both were in South Africa as guests of President Nelson Mandela in 1997.
据说，这场交易发生在1997年，当时他们都以南非总统纳尔逊·曼德拉的客人身份访问南非。
I consult with members of the new South African government,including President Nelson Mandela.
我征询了新一届南非政府成员，包括纳尔逊·曼德拉总统的意见。
Robinson also read a message from Mandela.
罗宾逊还诵读了来自曼德拉的唁电。
That the revered Nelson Mandela's rainbow nation is now turning to a man of Mr Zuma's stamp may sharpen prejudices about Africa.
崇敬的纳尔逊·曼德拉的彩虹之国现在变成祖玛一人的印章，这可能会提高对非洲的偏见。
Mr.Mandela started reading about rugby,a sport he had never liked.
曼德拉先生开始读橄榄球方面的书，虽然他从未喜欢过橄榄球。
Zuma's campaign was boosted by the presence of former president and anti-apartheid icon Mandela.
南非前总统、反对种族歧视的英雄曼德拉的到场，提高了祖马的竞选声。
Democracy in South Africa has taken root in the two years since Mandela's election as the country's first black president.
南非的民主制度已经在曼德拉当选为南非首任黑人总统以来的两年中扎下了根。
"In the upcoming elections,let us remember our primary task.It is to eradicate poverty and ensure a better life for all."said Mr.Mandela.
曼德拉说：“在即将举行的选举中，让我们牢记我们的首要任务。那就是消除贫困，让全体人民都过上好日子。”
And Africa had given me a great gift:in the wisdom of a Rwandan widow and of Nelson Mandela.
非洲给了我一件伟大的礼物：那位卢旺达寡妇和纳尔逊·曼德拉的至理明言。
They met with former president and world icon Nelson Mandela.
他们与前总统全世界的偶像纳尔逊·曼德拉会面。
Mandela knew that if he was to convince these people that one man,one vote would not mean catastrophe,he had to "address their hearts",not their brains.
曼德拉先生明白，如果他想要让这些人认识到一个人一张选票并不会带来什么灾难，他就必须要以情动之，而非晓之以理。
We are harnessing comics to get across the message and the values of Mr.Mandela.
我们将利用漫画向人们传递曼德拉先生的思想及价值观。
Mandela,in a trademark batik silk shirt,and his wife,resplendent in yellow,exchanged words and held hands like any elderly couple in the theatre stalls.
曼德拉，穿着印有商标的蜡染丝绸衬衫，和他的妻子，穿着灿烂的黄色衣衫，在剧院座位拉着手互相交谈，如同一般老年夫妇。
In his presence,even the most battle-scarred and cynical of politicians seem to feel they are wafted to the high ground wrought by Mr.Mandela's 27 years in prison.
只要曼德拉在场，即便是身经百战和最愤世嫉俗的政治家，都因能和一个在监牢中坚持不懈奋斗27年的英雄同场而感到荣幸。
Mandela looked out at the auditorium and beamed under his shock of white hair.
曼德拉顶着一头浓密的白发在礼堂观望和微笑。
Another reason for its actions can be found in Mr.Mandela's experience in 1995,when he found little support in Africa for action against Nigeria's former military junta.
另一个能解释南非这一现象的原因可以从1995年曼德拉的遭遇中找到，因为当时他在非洲难觅盟友来对抗尼日利亚军阀。
They attended a dinner party hosted by Nelson Mandela.
他们参加了纳尔逊·曼德拉举办的晚宴。
Mr.Mbeki's critics have accused him of being far more pisive than Mr.Mandela.
姆贝基的批评家们指责他远比曼德拉更有分裂倾向。
He was helped to an understanding of the role by writer-director Randall Wallace,who compared the character to South African President Mandela,who spent many years in prison.
本片的编剧兼导演兰多尔·华莱士把这个角色和曾在狱中生活多年的南非总统曼德拉做了比较，从而帮助他理解了这个角色。
Mandela,South Africa's beacon of decency,celebrate his 90th birthday in London this week.
南非的道德楷模纳尔逊·曼德拉本周在伦敦度过了他90岁的生日。
The company,named after a now derelict building where Nelson Mandela set up his law firm half a century ago.
这家公司以一幢弃楼的名字命名，半个世纪以前，纳尔逊·曼德拉就是在那幢楼里成立了他的律师事务所。
Let's Talk！
开始交流吧！
Mike:Who is that?
麦克：那是谁？
Daisy:That's the famous president of South Africa Mandela.
黛西：那是著名的南非总统曼德拉。
Mike:I do not know about him.
麦克：我对他不太了解。
Daisy:He is very famous,is the father of South Africa.
黛西：他非常出名，他是南非的国父。
Mike:He looks very nice.
麦克：他看起来很慈祥。
Daisy:He is very strong;he was in jail for more than twenty years.
黛西：他非常坚强，在牢里待了20多年。
Mike:That's incredible.
麦克：那太伟大了。
Daisy:Most people would abandon their belief.
黛西：大多数人就会放弃他们的信仰。
Mike:This shows you have to persist to win.
麦克：这说明了坚持才能胜利。
Daisy:Have you been to South Africa?
黛西：你去过南非吗？
Mike:No,have you?
麦克：没有，你呢？
Daisy:Me neither.It sounds like a very poor country.
黛西：我也没有，听起来像个很贫穷的国家。
Mike:Maybe we would travel there sometime.
麦克：我们那天可以去那儿旅游。
Daisy:That's a good idea.
黛西：那是个好主意。