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Part IV Translation

参考译文

With the improvement of living standards, vacations are playing an increasingly important role in Chinese people's life.1 In the past, Chinese spent most of their time making a living and had little chance to travel.2 However, China's tourism has developed rapidly in recent years as the economic boom and the emergence of the well-off middle class bring about an unprecedented travel boom.3 Chinese people not only travel domestically, but also travel abroad and traveling abroad is becoming more and more prevalent among them.4 During the National Day holiday in 2016, tourism consumption totaled over 400 billion RMB.5 It is estimated by WTO that China will become the world's largest tourist country by 2020 and will also boast the fastest growing country in terms of its outbound tourism expenditure in the coming few years.6

译点精析

1. 随着生活水平的提高,度假在中国人生活中的作用越来重要:“随着生活水平的提高”翻译成with the improvement of living standards;“度假”翻译为vacations或going on holiday;“在中国人生活中的作用”需用play a role/part in这一短语来表达;“越来越重要”翻译为increasingly important或more and more important。

2. 过去,中国人的时间主要花在谋生上,很少有机会外出旅行:“中国人的时间主要花在”需用sb. spend one's time (in)doing sth.这一结构来表达;“谋生”翻译为make a living或earn one's living;“很少有机会”此处可翻译为had little chance。

3. 然而,近年来中国旅游业发展迅速。经济的繁荣和富裕中产阶级的出现,引发了一个前所未有的旅游热潮:“近年来”翻译为in recent years;“中国旅游业”表达为China's tourism;“发展迅速”即has developed rapidly;通过分析可知,后面的“经济的繁荣……旅游热潮”这个句子和前面的句子“近年来,中国旅游业发展迅速”有一个时间上的伴随关系,因此,根据英文表达习惯,把后面的句子翻译为由as引导的时间状语从句,as表示“随着”;“经济的繁荣”翻译为economic boom;“富裕中产阶级的出现”翻译为the emergence of the well-off middle class,其中emergence 意为“出现,涌现”,well-off还可以替换为wealthy,“中产阶级”即the middle class;“引发”可翻译为bring about, lead to或give rise to;“前所未有的”翻译为unprecedented;“旅游热潮”翻译为travel boom。

4. 中国人不仅在国内旅游,出国旅游也越来越普遍:本句中含有“不仅……也……”的表达,不难想到英语中not only...but (also)...的结构。为了翻译更为地道,可将本句理解为“中国人不仅在国内旅游,他们也出国旅游,而且出国旅游越来越普遍”;“中国人不仅在国内旅游”翻译为Chinese people not only travel domestically,其中domestically意为“在国内”;“出国旅游也越来越普遍”可翻译为traveling abroad is becoming more and more prevalent(among them),其中使用了become prevalent这个短语,意为“变得普遍”,travel abroad对应前面的travel domestically。

5. 2016年国庆节假日期间,旅游消费总计超过4000亿元:“在……期间”翻译为during即可;“2016年国庆节假日”应表达为the National Day holiday in 2016;“旅游消费”即tourism consumption,如果consumption这个单词不熟悉,还可以直接表达为cost或spending;“总计”可以表达为total(这个词不仅可用作名词,还可以用作动词)或者amount to;“4000亿元”即400 billion RMB,应注意中英文数量单位换算,1 billion即“10亿”。

26. 据世界贸易组织估计,2020年中国将成为世界上最大的旅游国,在未来几年里将成为出境旅游支出增长最快的国家:“据……估计”应翻译为it is estimated by...that...,“世界贸易组织”可直接翻译为WTO,平时应注意积累重要国际组织的英文表达方式及其缩写形式;此处2020是一个将来的时间,后面的时态可以用一般将来时或者将来完成时;“世界上最大的旅游国”即world's largest/biggest tourist country;“在未来几年里将成为出境旅游支出增长最快的国家”翻译有一定的难度,考生需要理清逻辑关系,此句的核心是“增长最快的国家”,翻译为the fastest growing country,“出境旅游支出”即“在出境旅游支出方面”,因此需用到in terms of(在……方面)这一地道表达方式,故翻译为in terms of its outbound tourism expenditure,注意“出境旅游”应翻译为outbound tourism,如果不会这个表达方式,“出境旅游支出”也可表述为the cost/expense/spending of traveling abroad;“在未来几年里”翻译为in the coming/following few years即可;由于本句中有两个“将成为”,英文表达忌讳重复用词,所以第二个可翻译为will also boast,boast的一项基本含义为“以拥有……而自豪”,用在此处更显生动。