2018年12月大学英语四级考试真题精解（第三套）
Part I Writing
【范文评注】
With the expansion of college enrollment and fierce competition in today’s job market, it has been a big problem for young graduates to get a satisfying job.1 Challenges are as follows.2
Firstly3, many new college grads have unrealistic expectations of the job market they are entering. They are too optimistic about their job prospects and salaries. Secondly3, they are troubled by the choice of location to start a career: big cities or small towns? Higher payment, convenient living conditions and generous welfare in big cities are tempting, but heavy life pressure such as soaring housing prices is discouraging. Lastly3, many graduates fail to equip themselves with adequate knowledge and skills favored by employers. Actually, outdated course curriculum and training are to blame.
Therefore, improving the employment situation of college students calls for joint efforts of individuals, universities and society.4 As for graduates, they must change their attitudes towards employment and develop required skills.5
1．开篇紧扣作文话题，点出大学毕业生面临就业挑战的问题。
2．承上启下，引出具体挑战是什么。
3．分点论述挑战体现在哪几个方面。
4．总结全文，指出解决这一挑战需要多方共同努力。
5．从大学毕业生自身角度指出他们应如何应对挑战。
【译文】
随着大学扩招和当今就业市场的激烈竞争，谋得心仪的工作成了年轻毕业生的一大难题。他们面临如下挑战。
首先，许多刚毕业的大学生对即将进入的就业市场有着不切实际的期待。他们对自己的就业前景和薪水过于乐观。其次，他们为择业地点所困：去大城市还是小城市？大城市更高的薪水、便利的生活条件以及优厚的福利是非常有吸引力的，但是诸如飙升的房价之类沉重的生活压力令人感到沮丧。最后，许多毕业生并不具备雇主所青睐的足够多的知识和技能。事实上，过时的课程及培训难辞其咎。
因此，改善大学生的就业状况有赖于个人、大学及社会的共同努力。对于毕业生来说，他们自己必须改变就业态度，培养所需技能。
【要点用法】
expansion 扩大，扩充
be optimistic about 对……乐观
equip...with... 为……配备……
enrollment 招生，录取
prospect 前景，展望
adequate 充足的，足够的
fierce competition 激烈的竞争
convenient 便利的
favor 青睐
satisfying 令人满意的，心仪的
generous 慷慨的
outdated 过时的
as follows 如下，如下所述
welfare 福利
curriculum 课程
grad 毕业生
tempting 具有诱惑力的，吸引人的
be to blame 该受责备
unrealistic 不切实际的
soaring 飙升的
call for 需要，有赖于
expectation 期待
discouraging 使人沮丧的；令人气馁的
joint efforts 共同的努力
【句法点评】
1．With the expansion of college enrollment and fierce competition in today’s job market, it has been a big problem for young graduates to get a satisfying job.
本句虽长，却是一个简单句，主体结构为it has been...for...to do sth.，it代替不定式充当形式主语。句中使用了with介词短语充当状语，使整个句子显得比较饱满。
2．Higher payment, convenient living conditions and generous welfare in big cities are tempting, but heavy life pressure such as soaring housing prices is discouraging.
本句中but表示转折，而but分句中的such as是表示举例的固定表达，有时候such后还可加名词，再与as连用，即such...as...，例如：Such poets as Keats and Shelley wrote Romantic poetry. （有些诗人，如济慈和雪莱，写的是浪漫主义的诗歌。）