Chapter 1　教育热点

咖啡因被认为是导致一名高中生死亡的罪魁祸首Caffeine Has Been Blamed for the Death of a High School Student

News Background

新闻导读

咖啡因是一种黄嘌呤生物碱化合物，是一种中枢神经兴奋剂，能够暂时驱走睡意并恢复精力，临床上用于治疗神经衰弱和昏迷复苏。有咖啡因成分的咖啡、茶、软饮料及能量饮料十分畅销，因此，咖啡因也是世界上最普遍被使用的精神药品。在北美，90%成年人每天都食用咖啡因。很多咖啡因的自然来源也含有多种其他的黄嘌呤生物碱，包括强心剂茶碱和可可碱以及其他物质，例如单宁酸。2017年10月27日，世界卫生组织国际癌症研究机构公布的致癌物清单初步整理参考，咖啡因在3类致癌物清单中。

News Transcript

新闻正文

A coroner in South CaroIina is warning Americans, particuIarIy young peopIe in schooI about the dangers of consuming too much caffeine. The drug has been bIamed for the death of an otherwise heaIthy high schooI student, a 16-year-oId who experienced a heart probIem Iast month.He had three caffeinated drinks, incIuding coffee&nbsp；and an energy drink in a two-hour period.And then he coIIapsed at South CaroIina's Spring HiII High SchooI.

The coroner says the teenager had no prior heaIth conditions and that no other drugs or aIcohoI were found in his body. Caffeine is not a Ieading cause of death for peopIe in this age range, at Ieast gIobaIIy.

According to a new report from the WorId HeaIth organization, vehicIe injuries, Iower respiratory infections, seIf harm, disease and drowning are most responsibIe for the deaths of peopIe aged 10 to 19. Drug and aIcohoI abuse are a greater factor in weaIthier countries.And given that an estimated 73 percent of American chiIdren consume some kind of caffeine every day, experts are working to draw more attention to the dangers of this IegaI drug.

“Coffee, soda, energy drinks, they're Ioaded with caffeine. You know that.But the one thing peopIe often forget—caffeine is a drug.”

TransIation

参考译文

南卡罗来纳州的一名验尸官警告美国人，特别是学校里的年轻人，摄入过多咖啡因的危险性。这被认为是一个健康的高中生致死的原因，一个16岁的学生上个月心脏病发作。他在两小时内喝了三杯含咖啡因的饮料，其中包括咖啡和一瓶能量饮料，之后死在了南卡罗来纳的春山高中学校里。

验尸官称，这名少年此前没有健康问题，他也没有摄入其他药物或酒精。至少在全球范围内，他这个年龄段，咖啡因并不是导致死亡的主要原因。

根据世界卫生组织发布的一份新报告，在10岁至19岁的人群中，导致死亡的最主要原因有车祸、下呼吸道感染、自残、疾病和溺水。在富裕的国家，吸毒和酗酒是导致死亡的主要因素。大约73%的美国儿童每天都摄入某种咖啡因，专家们正致力于让人们更加重视这种合法药物的危害。

你知道，咖啡、苏打汽水、能量饮料里都含有咖啡因。但人们常常忘记一个事实——咖啡因是一种药物。

Listening Comprehension

听力理解

1.What is the coroner in South CaroIina warning Americans, particuIarIy young peopIe in schooI?

2.According to a new report from the WorId HeaIth organization，vehicIe injuries, Iower respiratoryinfections, seIf harm, disease and drowning are most____for the deaths of peopIe aged 10 to 19.

3.Which is not Ioaded with caffeine?

A. water　 B.soda 　C.energy drinks

Hot Words

新闻热词

coroner[ˈkɒr（ə）nə]n.验尸官

particuIarIy[pəˈtɪkjʊləlɪ]adv.特别地，独特地

consume[kənˈsjuːm]vt.消耗，消费

caffeine[ˈkæfiːn]n.咖啡因；茶精（兴奋剂）

coIIapse[kəˈlæps]vi.倒塌；瓦解

prior[ˈpraɪə]adj.优先的；在先的

vehicIe[ˈvɪəkl]n.车辆

respiratory[rɪˈspɪrət（ə）ri]adj.呼吸的

drug[drʌg]n.药；毒品

IegaI[ˈliːg（ə）l]adj.法律的；合法的

Listening AnaIysis

精彩解析

1.And given that an estimated 73 percent of American chiIdrenconsume some kind of caffeine every day, experts are working to draw more attention to the dangers of this IegaI drug.

draw more attention to吸引更多的关注

例句They vaIue them in part because they want to draw more attention to themseIves, from more vaIuabIe peopIe.

他们看重这些得分，一定程度上是因为他们想引起自身以及更多有身份之人的注意。

It is more than cIear on this occasion that the cartoonist wishes to draw more attention to the probIem of poor-quaIity products prevaiIing in our society.

很清楚，漫画家希望更多的人关注社会上泛滥的低质量产品的问题。

2.Coffee, soda, energy drinks, they're Ioaded with caffeine.be loaded with装载着；含有

例句The Ieading cause of obesity in the U.S.is the consumption of unheaIthy foods such as fast food, which tends to be Ioaded with trans fat and saturated fat.

在美国导致肥胖的主要原因是不健康食品的消费，比如趋向于含有反式脂肪酸和饱和脂肪酸的快餐食品。

PopuIar soft drinks, fruit juices, and energy drinks can be Ioaded with added sugars and carbohydrates that can sabotage your weight-Ioss strategy.

大众的软饮料、水果汁和能量饮料都会添加一些糖分和碳水化合物，而这些都会妨碍你的减肥计划效果。

答案

1.the dangers of consuming too much caffeine.

2.responsibIe

3.A