祭(jì)妹(mèi)文(wén)
(清(qīng))袁(yuán)枚(méi)
入选语文教材
位列第6
推荐理由
描写兄妹情深的典范之作,祭文名篇。
乾(qián)隆(lóng)丁(dīng)亥(hài)冬(dōng),葬(zàng)三(sān)妹(mèi)素(sù)文(wén)于(yú)上(shàng)元(yuán)之(zhī)羊(yáng)山(shān),而(ér)奠(diàn)以(yǐ)文(wén)曰(yuē):
呜(wū)呼(hū)!汝(rǔ)生(shēng)于(yú)浙(zhè)而(ér)葬(zàng)于(yú)斯(sī),离(lí)吾(wú)乡(xiāng)七(qī)百(bǎi)里(lǐ)矣(yǐ)。当(dāng)时(shí)虽(suī)觭(qí)梦(mèng)幻(huàn)想(xiǎng),宁(nìnɡ)知(zhī)此(cǐ)为(wéi)归(guī)骨(gǔ)所(suǒ)耶(yé)?汝(rǔ)以(yǐ)一(yī)念(niàn)之(zhī)贞(zhēn),遇(yù)人(rén)仳(pǐ)离(lí),致(zhì)孤(gū)危(wēi)托(tuō)落(luò),虽(suī)命(mìng)之(zhī)所(suǒ)存(cún),天(tiān)实(shí)为(wéi)之(zhī)。然(rán)而(ér)累(lěi)汝(rǔ)至(zhì)此(cǐ)者(zhě),未(wèi)尝(cháng)非(fēi)予(yú)之(zhī)过(guò)也(yě)。予(yú)幼(yòu)从(cóng)先(xiān)生(shēnɡ)授(shòu)经(jīng),汝(rǔ)差(cī)肩(jiān)而(ér)坐(zuò),爱(ài)听(tīng)古(gǔ)人(rén)节(jié)义(yì)事(shì);一(yī)旦(dàn)长(zhǎng)成(chéng),遽(jù)躬(gōng)蹈(dǎo)之(zhī)。呜(wū)呼(hū)!使(shǐ)汝(rǔ)不(bù)识(shí)《诗(shī)》《书(shū)》,或(huò)未(wèi)必(bì)艰(jiān)贞(zhēn)若(ruò)是(shì)。
余(yú)捉(zhuō)蟋(xī)蟀(shuài),汝(rǔ)奋(fèn)臂(bì)出(chū)其(qí)间(jiān);岁(suì)寒(hán)虫(chóng)僵(jiāng),同(tóng)临(lìn)其(qí)穴(xué)。今(jīn)予(yú)殓(liàn)汝(rǔ)葬(zàng)汝(rǔ),而(ér)当(dāng)日(rì)之(zhī)情(qíng)形(xínɡ),憬(jǐng)然(rán)赴(fù)目(mù)。予(yú)九(jiǔ)岁(suì)憩(qì)书(shū)斋(zhāi),汝(rǔ)梳(shū)双(shuāng)髻(jì),披(pī)单(dān)缣(jiān)来(lái),温(wēn)《缁(zī)衣(yī)》一(yī)章(zhāng);适(shì)先(xiān)生(shēnɡ)奓(zhà)户(hù)入(rù),闻(wén)两(liǎng)童(tóng)子(zǐ)音(yīn)琅(láng)琅(láng)然(rán),不(bù)觉(jué)莞(wǎn)尔(ěr),连(lián)呼(hū)“则(zé)则(zé)”,此(cǐ)七(qī)月(yuè)望(wàng)日(rì)事(shì)也(yě)。汝(rǔ)在(zài)九(jiǔ)原(yuán),当(dāng)分(fēn)明(míng)记(jì)之(zhī)。予(yú)弱(ruò)冠(ɡuàn)粤(yuè)行(xíng),汝(rǔ)掎(jǐ)裳(chánɡ)悲(bēi)恸(tòng)。逾(yú)三(sān)年(nián),予(yú)披(pī)宫(gōng)锦(jǐn)还(huán)家(jiā),汝(rǔ)从(cóng)东(dōng)厢(xiāng)扶(fú)案(àn)出(chū),一(yī)家(jiā)瞠(chēng)视(shì)而(ér)笑(xiào),不(bù)记(jì)语(yǔ)从(cóng)何(hé)起(qǐ),大(dà)概(gài)说(shuō)长(cháng)安(ān)登(dēng)科(kē)、函(hán)使(shǐ)报(bào)信(xìn)迟(chí)早(zǎo)云(yún)尔(ěr)。凡(fán)此(cǐ)琐(suǒ)琐(suǒ),虽(suī)为(wéi)陈(chén)迹(jì),然(rán)我(wǒ)一(yī)日(rì)未(wèi)死(sǐ),则(zé)一(yī)日(rì)不(bù)能(néng)忘(wàng)。旧(jiù)事(shì)填(tián)膺(yīng),思(sī)之(zhī)凄(qī)梗(gěng),如(rú)影(yǐng)历(lì)历(lì),逼(bī)取(qǔ)便(biàn)逝(shì)。悔(huǐ)当(dāng)时(shí)不(bù)将(jiāng)嫛(yī)婗(ní)情(qíng)状(zhuàng),罗(luó)缕(lǚ)记(jì)存(cún)。然(rán)而(ér)汝(rǔ)已(yǐ)不(bù)在(zài)人(rén)间(jiān),则(zé)虽(suī)年(nián)光(guāng)倒(dào)流(liú),儿(ér)时(shí)可(kě)再(zài),而(ér)亦(yì)无(wú)与(yǔ)为(wéi)证(zhèng)印(yìn)者(zhě)矣(yǐ)。
汝(rǔ)之(zhī)义(yì)绝(jué)高(gāo)氏(shì)而(ér)归(guī)也(yě),堂(táng)上(shàng)阿(ā)奶(nǎi),仗(zhàng)汝(rǔ)扶(fú)持(chí);家(jiā)中(zhōng)文(wén)墨(mò),眣(tì)汝(rǔ)办(bàn)治(zhì)。尝(cháng)谓(wèi)女(nǚ)流(liú)中(zhōng)最(zuì)少(shǎo)明(míng)经(jīng)义(yì)、谙(ān)雅(yǎ)故(gù)者(zhě)。汝(rǔ)嫂(sǎo)非(fēi)不(bù)婉(wǎn)嫕(yì),而(ér)于(yú)此(cǐ)微(wēi)缺(quē)然(rán)。故(gù)自(zì)汝(rǔ)归(guī)后(hòu),虽(suī)为(wèi)汝(rǔ)悲(bēi),实(shí)为(wèi)予(yú)喜(xǐ)。予(yú)又(yòu)长(zhǎnɡ)汝(rǔ)四(sì)岁(suì),或(huò)人(rén)间(jiān)长(zhǎng)者(zhě)先(xiān)亡(wáng),可(kě)将(jiāng)身(shēn)后(hòu)托(tuō)汝(rǔ),而(ér)不(bù)谓(wèi)汝(rǔ)之(zhī)先(xiān)予(yú)以(yǐ)去(qù)也(yě)!
前(qián)年(nián)予(yú)病(bìng),汝(rǔ)终(zhōng)宵(xiāo)刺(cì)探(tàn),减(jiǎn)一(yī)分(fēn)则(zé)喜(xǐ),增(zēng)一(yī)分(fēn)则(zé)忧(yōu)。后(hòu)虽(suī)小(xiǎo)差(chài),犹(yóu)尚(shàng)殗(yè)殜(dié),无(wú)所(suǒ)娱(yú)遣(qiǎn);汝(rǔ)来(lái)床(chuáng)前(qián),为(wèi)说(shuō)稗(bài)官(guān)野(yě)史(shǐ)可(kě)喜(xǐ)可(kě)愕(è)之(zhī)事(shì),聊(liáo)资(zī)一(yī)欢(huān)。呜(wū)呼(hū)!今(jīn)而(ér)后(hòu),吾(wú)将(jiāng)再(zài)病(bìng),教(jiāo)从(cóng)何(hé)处(chù)呼(hū)汝(rǔ)耶(yé)?
汝(rǔ)之(zhī)疾(jí)也(yě),予(yú)信(xìn)医(yī)言(yán)无(wú)害(hài),远(yuǎn)吊(diào)扬(yáng)州(zhōu);汝(rǔ)又(yòu)虑(lǜ)戚(qī)吾(wú)心(xīn),阻(zǔ)人(rén)走(zǒu)报(bào);及(jí)至(zhì)绵(mián)惙(chuò)已(yǐ)极(jí),阿(ā)奶(nǎi)问(wèn):“望(wàng)兄(xiōng)归(guī)否(fǒu)?”强(qiǎnɡ)应(yìng)曰(yuē):“诺(nuò)。”已(yǐ)予(yú)先(xiān)一(yī)日(rì)梦(mèng)汝(rǔ)来(lái)诀(jué),心(xīn)知(zhī)不(bù)祥(xiáng),飞(fēi)舟(zhōu)渡(dù)江(jiāng),果(guǒ)予(yú)以(yǐ)未(wèi)时(shí)还(huán)家(jiā),而(ér)汝(rǔ)以(yǐ)辰(chén)时(shí)气(qì)绝(jué)。四(sì)支(zhī)犹(yóu)温(wēn),一(yī)目(mù)未(wèi)瞑(míng),盖(gài)犹(yóu)忍(rěn)死(sǐ)待(dài)予(yú)也(yě)。呜(wū)呼(hū)痛(tòng)哉(zāi)!早(zǎo)知(zhī)诀(jué)汝(rǔ),则(zé)予(yú)岂(qǐ)肯(kěn)远(yuǎn)游(yóu)?即(jí)游(yóu)亦(yì)尚(shàng)有(yǒu)几(jǐ)许(xǔ)心(xīn)中(zhōng)言(yán)要(yào)汝(rǔ)知(zhī)闻(wén)、共(gòng)汝(rǔ)筹(chóu)画(huà)也(yě)。而(ér)今(jīn)已(yǐ)矣(yǐ)!除(chú)吾(wú)死(sǐ)外(wài),当(dāng)无(wú)见(jiàn)期(qī)。吾(wú)又(yòu)不(bù)知(zhī)何(hé)日(rì)死(sǐ),可(kě)以(yǐ)见(jiàn)汝(rǔ);而(ér)死(sǐ)后(hòu)之(zhī)有(yǒu)知(zhī)无(wú)知(zhī),与(yǔ)得(dé)见(jiàn)不(bù)得(dé)见(jiàn),又(yòu)卒(zú)难(nán)明(míng)也(yě)。然(rán)则(zé)抱(bào)此(cǐ)无(wú)涯(yá)之(zhī)憾(hàn),天(tiān)乎(hū),人(rén)乎(hū),而(ér)竟(jìng)已(yǐ)乎(hū)!
汝(rǔ)之(zhī)诗(shī),吾(wú)已(yǐ)付(fù)梓(zǐ);汝(rǔ)之(zhī)女(nǚ),吾(wú)已(yǐ)代(dài)嫁(jià);汝(rǔ)之(zhī)生(shēng)平(píng),吾(wú)已(yǐ)作(zuò)传(zhuàn);惟(wéi)汝(rǔ)之(zhī)窀(zhūn)穸(xī),尚(shàng)未(wèi)谋(móu)耳(ěr)。先(xiān)茔(yíng)在(zài)杭(háng),江(jiāng)广(guǎng)河(hé)深(shēn),势(shì)难(nán)归(guī)葬(zàng),故(gù)请(qǐng)母(mǔ)命(mìng)而(ér)宁(níng)汝(rǔ)于(yú)斯(sī),便(biàn)祭(jì)扫(sǎo)也(yě)。其(qí)傍(pánɡ),葬(zàng)汝(rǔ)女(nǚ)阿(ā)印(yìn);其(qí)下(xià)两(liǎng)冢(zhǒng):一(yī)为(wéi)阿(ā)爷(yé)侍(shì)者(zhě)朱(zhū)氏(shì),一(yī)为(wéi)阿(ā)兄(xiōng)侍(shì)者(zhě)陶(táo)氏(shì)。羊(yáng)山(shān)旷(kuàng)渺(miǎo),南(nán)望(wàng)原(yuán)隰(xí),西(xī)望(wàng)栖(qī)霞(xiá),风(fēng)雨(yǔ)晨(chén)昏(hūn),羁(jī)魂(hún)有(yǒu)伴(bàn),当(dāng)不(bù)孤(gū)寂(jì)。所(suǒ)怜(lián)者(zhě),吾(wú)自(zì)戊(wù)寅(yín)年(nián)读(dú)汝(rǔ)哭(kū)侄(zhí)诗(shī)后(hòu),至(zhì)今(jīn)无(wú)男(nán);两(liǎng)女(nǚ)牙(yá)牙(yá),生(shēng)汝(rǔ)死(sǐ)后(hòu),才(cái)周(zhōu)晬(zuì)耳(ěr)。予(yú)虽(suī)亲(qīn)在(zài)未(wèi)敢(gǎn)言(yán)老(lǎo),而(ér)齿(chǐ)危(wēi)发(fà)秃(tū),暗(àn)里(lǐ)自(zì)知(zhī);知(zhī)在(zài)人(rén)间(jiān),尚(shàng)复(fù)几(jǐ)日(rì)?阿(ā)品(pǐn)远(yuǎn)官(guān)河(hé)南(nán),亦(yì)无(wú)子(zǐ)女(nǚ),九(jiǔ)族(zú)无(wú)可(kě)继(jì)者(zhě)。汝(rǔ)死(sǐ)我(wǒ)葬(zàng),我(wǒ)死(sǐ)谁(shéi)埋(mái)?汝(rǔ)倘(tǎng)有(yǒu)灵(líng),可(kě)能(néng)告(gào)我(wǒ)?
呜(wū)呼(hū)!身(shēn)前(qián)既(jì)不(bù)可(kě)想(xiǎng),身(shēn)后(hòu)又(yòu)不(bù)可(kě)知(zhī)。哭(kū)汝(rǔ)既(jì)不(bù)闻(wén)汝(rǔ)言(yán),奠(diàn)汝(rǔ)又(yòu)不(bù)见(jiàn)汝(rǔ)食(shí)。纸(zhǐ)灰(huī)飞(fēi)扬(yáng),朔(shuò)风(fēng)野(yě)大(dà),阿(ā)兄(xiōng)归(guī)矣(yǐ),犹(yóu)屡(lǚ)屡(lǚ)回(huí)头(tóu)望(wàng)汝(rǔ)也(yě)。呜(wū)呼(hū)哀(āi)哉(zāi)!呜(wū)呼(hū)哀(āi)哉(zāi)!