Section 2 Intermediate 中级进阶
万用表达一览
□involving 涉及,有关于,牵涉
□handled by 由……处理
□face-to-face 面对面
□so impersonal 没有人情味
□look at savings and efficiency 考虑节约和效率问题
□maximize profits and minimize errors 利润最大化和错误最小化
□take vacations 放假
□fewer issues 少一点问题
□input 投入,付出
□cut costs 减少支出
□If nothing else 即使不这样,至少……
□be sure to 一定要
□a good command of 掌握好
□fall back on 依靠(已学过的手艺、知识)
万用表达详解
1. involving
释 to do with/having some association with 涉及,有关于,牵涉
例 I can help you with anything involving math.
关于数学的任何问题我都能帮你。
2. handled by
释 managed by 由……处理
例 Accommodation is handled by our other office.
住宿问题由我们另外一个办公室处理。
3. face-to-face
释 person to person 面对面
例 I prefer face-to-face communication any day.
不管什么时候我都更喜欢面对面的沟通。
4. so impersonal
释 not person to person/something is not done between people, but via a computer or indirectly 没有人情味
例 I find this form of communication so impersonal.
我觉得这种沟通方式没有人情味。
5. look at savings and efficiency
释 look at saving money and doing things faster, cheaper without waste 考虑节约和效率问题
例 Companies in this industry look at savings and efficiency.
这个行业的公司都会考虑节约和效率问题。
6. maximize profits and minimize errors
释 make the most money you can and the fewest number of mistakes 利润最大化和错误最小化
例 Every company aims to maximize profits and minimize errors.
每家公司都以达到利润最大化和错误最小化为目标。
7. take vacations
释 take time off from work to relax 放假
例 We can't have everyone taking vacations right now. This is our busiest season.
现在我们不能让每个人都放假,这是我们最忙碌的季节。
8. fewer issues
释 fewer problems 少一点问题
例 He told us that if we replaced people with robots, we'd have fewer issues.
他告诉过我们如果用机器人代替人,问题会少一些。
9. input
释 physical/mental contribution 投入,付出
例 We'd really like your input on this.
在这件事情上,我们真的很希望你能帮帮忙。
10. cut costs
释 reduce spending 减少支出
例 Families across the country are cutting costs because of inflation.
因为通货膨胀,全国范围内的家庭都缩减支出。
11. If nothing else
释 Even if you have nothing else 即使不这样,至少……
例 If nothing else, at least you have your health.
即便没有其他(优势),至少你拥有健康。
12. be sure to
释 make sure you 一定要
例 Be sure to call me when you arrive.
你到了以后记得要给我打电话。
13. a good command of
释 a good knowledge/understanding of 掌握好
例 Having a good command of two or three languages can really give you a leg up in your career.
掌握两三门语言真的对你的职业生涯有很大的帮助。14. fall back on
释 use a skill/knowledge learnt earlier in life / use a skill held in reserve 依靠(已学过的手艺、知识)
例 If you can't find steady work, you can always fall back on your painting. At least it'll give you an income.
如果你找不到稳定的工作,你总可以依靠画画吧,最起码那会给你带来一份收入。
实用对话场景
Cindy: We were talking about careers and jobs in class today. Our teacher was telling us that certain jobs will be scarcer or non-existent in the future.
Dale: Such as?
Cindy:Such as many jobs involving customer service and banking, since they can easily be handled by computers.
Dale:Too bad.I like the face-to-face interaction with tellers when I walk into a bank. I really don't like being greeted by a computer.It's so impersonal.
Cindy:Well, industries always look at savings and efficiency to maximize profits and minimize errors.People spend money, get sick,take vacations, burn out and switch jobs. With computers you have fewer issues.
Dale:But I think that human input is still essential in many industries, like construction, mining, engineering and banking.
Cindy: True. Don't forget education.
Dale: You're right. More teaching is happening online these days and more teachers may have to teach more than one subject, because schools need to cut costs.
Cindy: So the future may not be so rosy, if you can easily be replaced by a computer.
Dale: Or by someone, who is capable in more than one field.
Cindy:So,if nothing else,be sure to have a good command of English, good math skills, and if possible, a cash-earning hobby.
Dale: Ah! I see. So when the going gets tough, you'll have something to fall back on.Got it!
辛迪:今天,课堂上我们讨论了职业生涯和工作。老师告诉我们未来某些职业会变得稀少或消失。
戴尔:比如说?
辛迪:比如说很多涉及客服和银行的工作,因为电脑可以很轻易地处理这些工作。
戴尔:太惨了。去银行时我喜欢和柜员进行面对面交流,我真的不太喜欢由一部电脑来接待,这样很不人性化。
辛迪:嗯,行业总要考虑节约能源和提高效率,以达到利润最大化和错误最小化。人要花钱,会生病,要放假,会心力交瘁,也需要更换工作,用电脑的话问题就会少一点。
戴尔:但我认为在建筑业、矿业、工程和银行业等很多产业中,人力投入还是非常关键的。
辛迪:对,别漏掉教育行业。
戴尔:你说对了。现在很多教学在网上进行,可能越来越多老师要教一门以上的课程,因为学校需要减少开支。
辛迪:所以说,如果你轻易被一台电脑取代,你的未来就不怎么光明了。
戴尔:或者被一个多才多艺的人取代(未来也不会光明的)。
辛迪:所以说,即使没别的(才能),也一定要掌握好英语,还要有好的数学技巧,如果可以的话,还要有赚钱的爱好。
戴尔:哦!我明白了。只有这样,当生计艰难时,你才会有些依靠。懂了!
跨文化交际小常识
不管是生活在加拿大的中国人还是外国人,绝大多数场合下,他们的穿着都非常随便,不拘泥于形式。T恤、牛仔裤和运动鞋,可以说是最常见的搭配,休闲装、休闲鞋越来越多地受到人们的喜欢。人们穿着的总原则是:舒适、美观、大方。
如今,在中国、日本和欧洲等地,时常可以看到不少人穿着整齐,西装、领带加皮鞋。而在北美,这一装扮只有在去教堂或参加婚礼、葬礼、毕业典礼等非常正式的场合才用得着。
不过,有一点要注意,外国人请客吃饭,一般情况下都重在交流感情,吃饭只是借口,极少有中国人请客吃饭的气势。除非在正式的请帖上注明要穿礼服,否则就别穿得太整齐,以免大家都尴尬。
所以,在加拿大拥有一两套礼服就够了。由于在北美定做礼服十分昂贵,所以如果有条件的话,可以从国内带一两套衣服备用。当然,既然是礼服,虽不要求必须穿名牌,但最好能尽量地合身挺括,抓住本来就不多的机会,将中国人的风采展露一番。切记不能像在国内时的近似于便服的穿戴。西服套装虽不常穿,但还是很重要的,因为有些工作会要求经常穿西装。
加拿大大多数地方的人士对名牌的追求没有国内热衷,各种名牌时装广告也不多。除了少数富人聚集的地方外,商店大多以减价来招揽生意。追求名牌的加拿大人中,大多为青少年。除了因对一些球星崇拜而爱屋及乌,和对一些体育用品如NIKE等有普遍的偏好以外,他们对在欧亚各地流行的许多名牌知之甚少。
国内有种说法,称从国外回去的人有“三气”,即“说话洋气,花钱小气,穿着土气”。这从另一方面反映了加拿大的服装文化。
读书笔记_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________