Unit 5
Ⅰ 专业八级核心动词聚焦
crunch[krʌntʃ]
v.（嘎吱作响地）啃，咬，嚼；在……上嘎吱作响地走
n.嘎吱声；危急情况
cuddle[ˈkʌdl]
v.搂抱，拥抱；依偎着睡，蜷着身体睡
n.拥抱，紧抱
culminate[ˈkʌlmineit]
v.达到顶点（高潮），以……告终
culminate in 达到……高峰；终于
curtail[kəːˈteil]
v.缩短，缩减
dab[dæb]
v.轻触，轻压
n.（涂上的）少量（颜色等）；轻压；能手，熟手
dampen[ˈdæmpən]
v.使潮湿；使减弱，抑制
dangle[ˈdæŋgl]
v.（使）悬荡，（使）悬垂
dangle about/round 追求……；希望得到……
dangle after 追求；尾随
darn[dɑːn]
v.织补
n.织补处
daunt[dɔːnt]
v.使胆怯，使畏缩
daunting adj.棘手的；使人畏惧的
dawdle[ˈdɔːdl]
v.闲荡，耽误，偷懒
dawdle along 磨洋工
dawdle away 闲混
deaden[ˈdedn]
v.减轻力量（强度），减缓……的感觉，使迟钝
debase[diˈbeis]
v.使贬值，降低……的身份，贬低
debilitate[diˈbiliteit]
v.使衰弱（虚弱）
debit[ˈdebit]
v.把……记入借方
n.（账簿中的）收方，借方
debug[diːˈbʌg]
v.拆除窃听器；消除错误
decease[diˈsiːs]
v.死，亡故
decelerate[diːˈseləreit]
v.（使）减速，减缓
decimate[ˈdesimeit]
v.大批杀死，毁掉……的大部分
decipher[diˈsaifə]
v.译解（密码），解开（疑团）
declaim[diˈkleim]
v.高声朗诵，慷慨陈词，大声辩说
decompose[ˌdiːkəmˈpəuz]
v.使变坏，腐烂；分解
decoy[diˈkɔi]
v.用诱饵诱骗，使落入圈套
n.用作诱饵的人（物）
deem[diːm]
v.认为，相信，视为
deem highly of 高度评价
deface[diˈfeis]
v.损坏……的表面（外观），磨损
defame[diˈfeim]
v.诽谤，中伤
defamatory adj.诽谤的，中伤的
defer[diˈfəː]
v.延缓，拖延；服从，遵从
defer to 遵从，听从
defile[diˈfail]
v.使肮脏，亵渎（神明）
n.山中的狭道
deflate[diˈfleit]
v.放掉（轮胎等的）气，缩小；泄气；紧缩（通货）
defoliate[ˌdiːˈfəulieit]
v.毁掉（树木花草的）叶
deform[diːˈfɔːm]
v.毁坏……的外形，使成畸形
defraud[diˈfrɔːd]
v.诈取，诈骗
defraud sb. of sth. 骗取某人某物
defrost[ˌdiːˈfrɔst]
v.使解冻，给（冰箱等）除霜
defuse[ˌdiːˈfjuːz]
v.拆除（炸弹等的）引信；缓和，平息，消除危险
degrade[diˈgreid]
v.使降级，降低；有辱……的人格，使丢脸
degraded adj.被降级的，退化的，堕落的
dehydrate[ˌdiːˈhaidreit]
v.（使）脱水，除去……的水分
deify[ˈdiːifai]
v.把……神化，把……奉若神明
deliberate[diˈlibəreit]
v.仔细考虑，商议
deliberate about / on / over / upon仔细考虑；审议
adj.有意的，故意的；从容不迫的，审慎的
delimit[diːˈlimit]
v.确定……的范围（界线）
delineate[diˈlinieit]
v.描绘，描述，勾画……的轮廓
delude[diˈluːd]
v.误导，欺骗，哄骗
delude oneself 自欺
delude sb. with sth. 以某事欺骗某人，哄骗某人做某事
delusion n.欺骗，迷惑，受骗；谬见；错觉；妄想
deluge[ˈdeljuːdʒ]
v.淹没；涌现
n.大雨，暴雨，洪水
delve[delv]
v.搜寻，翻查；探索，钻研
delve into 钻研，深入研究
demean[diˈmiːn]
v.使丢脸，贬低自己，降低……的身份；贬损
demobilize[diːˈməubilaiz]
v.使复员，退伍，遣散（军队）
demoralize/demoralise[diˈmɔrəlaiz]
v.使士气低落，使泄气，使失去斗志
练习
1．英汉连线
(1) cuddle (a) 闲荡，耽误，偷懒
(2) culminate (b)（使）减速，减缓
(3) dangle (c) 用诱饵诱骗，使落入圈套
(4) dawdle (d) 淹没；涌现
(5) debilitate (e) 译解（密码），解开（疑团）
(6) decelerate (f) 搂抱，拥抱
(7) decipher (g) 把……神化，把……奉若神明
(8) decoy (h)（使）悬荡，（使）悬垂
(9) deify (i) 使衰弱（虚弱）
(10) deluge (j) 达到顶点（高潮）；以……告终
2．释义连线
(1) cuddle (a) discourage; frighten
(2) curtail (b) destroy or kill a large part of…
(3) dab (c) put off, postpone
(4) daunt (d) lower oneself in dignity
(5) decease (e) reduce, make…less or shorter
(6) decimate (f) consider; regard
(7) deem (g) press sth. lightly and gently
(8) defer (h) fix the limit or boundaries of…
(9) delimit (i) hug tenderly
(10) demean (j) die
3．真题填空：用下列单词的正确形式完成句子
(1) It___into everything from seasickness, jet lag and the hazards of camels to malaria and plague. (1998, Reading Comprehension: Text A)
(2) This was the introduction of the concept of romantic love, which was to influence literature for many hundreds of years and which still lives on in a___form in simple popular songs and cheap novels today. (1998, Reading Comprehension:Text D)
(3) Many years of murdered food from___soil has made us too tame. (1999, Reading Comprehension: Text B)
(4) Not merely had she___herself, she had degraded him. (2000, Reading Comprehension: Text D)
(5) But she is___by these small failures. (2001, Reading Comprehension: Text E)
(6) The rectangular block of type, a product of five and a half centuries of printers lore, yields to___so gently that one is scarcely aware of the difference between immersing oneself in an imaginary world and scanning the furniture of one's own room. (2002, Reading Comprehension: Text G)
(7) One is the fact that pronunciation is learnt “naturally” and unconsciously, and orthography is learnt___and consciously. (2002, Proofreading & Error Correction)
(8) She lowered her eyes, and suddenly saw the fox. He was looking up at her. His chin was pressed down, and his eyes were looking up. They met her eyes. And he knew her. She was spellbound—she knew he knew her. So he looked into her eyes, and her soul failed her. He knew her, he has not.___(2004, Reading Comprehension: Text C)
(9) And he was so sly. He slid along in the deep grass; he was difficult as a serpent to see. And he seemed to circumvent the girls.___(2004, Reading Comprehension:Text C)
(10) Why are firms not working harder to keep old employees? Part of the reason is that the___has been beyond the horizon of most managers. (2009, Reading Comprehension: Text B)
(11) From Namche Bazaar, the Sherpa capital at 12,000 feet, the long line threaded south, dropping 2,000 feet to the valley floor, then trudged down the huge Sola-Khumbu canyon until it opened out to the lush but still___foothills of Central Nepal. (2009, Reading Comprehension: Text D)
(12) Rickshaw supporters point out that when it comes to___occupations, rickshaw pullers are hardly unique in Kolkata. (2010, Reading Comprehension:Text A)
(13) The pair fell to the lot of a waiter who happened to feel pleasure in steering them through their meal. He viewed them with the manner of a fatherly pilot, his countenance radiant with benevolence. The patronage, entwined with the ordinary___, was not plain to them. (2011, Reading Comprehension: Text D)
(14)___the numbers for the amount of clothes I buy every year, it looks a lot like my friend's swimming pool. My entire closet is borderline Olympic. Gulp. My late resolution is to buy some items used. (2012, Reading Comprehension: Text A)
(15) The view that translation was impossible gained some currency, and with it that, if attempted at all, it must be as literal as possible. This view___in the statements of the extreme “literalists” Walter Benjamin and Vladimir Nobokov. (2012, Proofreading & Error Correction)