Day 6 低频词
independence [ˌɪndɪˈpendəns] n. 独立,自主,自立
拆分 in(不)+ dependence [de(表强调)+ pend( hang,悬挂)+ ence(名词后缀)→依赖]→不依赖→独立
例句 Although there is still a big wage gap between men and women, the income working women generate gives them new independence and buying power.
虽然说男女之间的工资水平仍有很大差距,但是职业妇女的收入给她们带来了新的独立性以及购买力。
衍生 independent adj. 独立的,自主的;中立的;无关的
翻译 if you want to be independent of your parents
(如果你想脱离父母独立)
initial [ɪˈnɪʃl] adj. 最初的 v. 用姓名的首字母签名(表示同意)n.(名字的)首字母
例句 Honest employers do not need this information with an initial application. 真正的雇主在求职人初次申请工作时并不需要这些信息。
衍生 initially adv. 起初
翻译 She overcame her initial shyness.
(她克服了开始时的羞怯。)
同义替换 adj. first; earliest; primary
injury [ˈɪndʒəri] n. 伤害,损害
拆分 injur(injure,伤害)+ y→伤害
例句 The driver of the truck sustained only minor injuries to legs and arms.
卡车司机只是四肢受了点轻伤。
翻译 He sustained an injury to his back.
(他背部受了伤。)
同义替换 hurt; harm; wound; damage
inspire [ɪnˈspaɪə(r)] v. ①鼓舞,激励 ②给……以灵感
拆分 in(into)+ spire(呼吸)→吸进灵气→给……以灵感
例句 Organized by the New York-based nonprofit Earth Pledge, the show inspired many top designers to work with sustainable fabrics for the first time.
这场时装秀由总部设在纽约的非营利性机构——地球宣言组织发起,首次激发了很多顶级设计师用可持续面料设计作品的灵感。
翻译 can inspire the team(能够激励队伍)
同义替换 ①encourage; stimulate
instant [ˈɪnstənt] n. 片刻,顷刻,刹那,瞬间 adj. ①立即的,立刻的 ②(食物、咖啡等)即食的,速溶的
例句 He found that lies made up 14 percent of email, 21 percent of instant messages, 27 percent of face-to-face interactions and an astonishing 37 percent of phone calls. 他发现,电子邮件中14%是谎言,即时信息中有21%,面对面交流中有27%,而令人惊奇的是电话中竟然有37%。
衍生 instantly adv. 立刻,马上
翻译 The instant I saw him(我一看到他), I knew he is the man that the police were looking for.
同义替换 n. moment; minute; second adj. ①immediate
interact [ˌɪntərˈækt] v. ①相互作用(影响),互相配合 ②交流,沟通,合作
例句 Though she is a newcomer here, Vanessa interacts with other children in the class. 虽然瓦内萨是新来的,但她和班里的其他孩子相处得很好。
衍生 interaction n. 相互作用(影响);交流
翻译 interact with each other(相互作用)
interfere [ˌɪntəˈfɪə(r)] v. 干涉,干预,介入
拆分 inter(between)+ fere(打)→彼此对打→因相互干涉所致→干涉
例句 We have no right to interfere in the internal affairs of other countries. 我们没有权力干涉别国内政。
衍生 interference n. 干涉,介入;阻碍
翻译 don’t interfere in your affairs(不要干扰你的事)
jam [dʒæm] n. ①果酱 ②拥挤,堵塞 v. ①使劲挤或塞②挤满 ③(使)卡住,不能动弹 ④塞入,塞进
例句 If I get stuck in a traffic jam, it will cost me more than one hour to go back home after work.
如果遇上塞车,我下班一个多小时才能到家。
翻译 jam all the clothes into one suitcase
(把所有衣服塞进一个箱子)
同义替换 v. ①push
joint [dʒɔɪnt] adj. 连接的,共同的,联合的 n. ①关节②接头,接合处
例句 Last week, his little brother fell to the ground and put his knee out of joint. 上个星期,他的弟弟摔倒在地上,膝关节脱臼了。
衍生 jointly adv. 共同地,联合地
翻译 They made a joint request to the manager.
(他们一起向经理提出要求。)
justify [ˈdʒʌstɪfaɪ] v. 证明……正当(或有理),为……辩护
例句 How can you justify the expense? How can you spend so much money in a week?
你怎么解释这笔开支?你怎么一周花了这么多钱?
衍生 justified adj. 有正当理由的,合乎情理的,事出有因的
翻译 find out any evidence to justify your innocence
(找到证据证明你无罪)
label [ˈleɪbl] n. ①标签,标记 ②称号,绰号 v. ①贴标签于 ②把……称为
例句 “Most designers with existing labels are finding there aren’t comparable fabrics that can just replace what you’re doing and what your customers are used to,” he says. 他说:“现有品牌的大多数设计师都没有发现有类似的面料可以替换你现在所使用的和你的客户所适应的面料。”
翻译 fixed a label on the book(在书上贴了标签)
同义替换 n. ①tag v. ②call
leak [liːk] n. ①漏洞,裂缝 ②泄漏,漏出量 ③(消息等的)走漏 v. ①(使)漏,(使)渗出 ②泄露,走漏
例句 It’s like a tire with a slow leak.
它像是一个慢慢漏气的轮胎。
翻译 because of the tiny leak
(因为那个小洞)
同义替换 n. ①break; hole; gap v. ②disclose
luggage [ˈlʌɡɪdʒ] n. 行李
例句 I’ve put your luggage on the train.
我已把你的行李搬上火车了。
翻译 You can only take certain amount of luggage.(你只能带一定数量的行李。)
同义替换 baggage
mass [mæs] n. ①块,堆,团 ②一大群(人)
例句 Masses of books covered every surface in the room.
大量的书籍摊满了整个房间。
衍生 massive adj. 巨大的;魁伟的
翻译 the mass of children living there
(住在那里的大多数孩子)
同义替换 ①piece; block
moderate adj.[ˈmɒdərət] ①(温度,速度等)中等的,适度的 ②(意见等)不极端的,温和的 ③有节制的v.[ˈmɒdəreɪt](使)和缓,节制,克制
拆分 mode(方式)+ rate(速度)→以速度适中的方式→有节制的
例句 He did what he could to moderate the grief of his friend. 他尽了一切力量来减轻他朋友的痛苦。
衍生 moderately adv. 适度地,不过分地
翻译 A moderate wage demand is acceptable.
(适度的工资要求是可以接受的。)
同义替换 adj.①mild; medium ②conservative ③gentle
negative [ˈnegətɪv] adj. ①否定的 ②反面的,消极的
拆分 neg(否认)+ at + ive(形容词后缀)→否认的
例句 Every culture has developed preferences for certain kinds of food and drink, and equally strong negative attitudes toward others.
每种文化都形成了对某种食物和饮料的偏好,以及对其他食物和饮料同样强烈的排斥。
衍生 negatively adv. 消极地
翻译 Her negative attitude really annoyed me.
(她的消极态度真令我恼火。)
同义替换 ②passive
nevertheless [ˌnevəðəˈles] adv. 不过,尽管如此
例句 Their lively discussions spurred Maura to make small but nevertheless life-altering changes.
他们生动的讨论促使莫拉做出了一些虽然很小但转变了生活方式的改变。
observe [əbˈzɜːv] v. ①注意到,察觉到 ②观察,监测
例句 Even as a child I observed people who were poor or disabled or ill, but who nonetheless faced life with optimism and vigor. 甚至当我还是孩子的时候,我就观察到一些贫穷、残疾或是病痛缠身的人却总是乐观而充满活力地对待生活。
衍生 observation n. 观察;评论 observer n. 观察员
翻译 observed what was going on(观察当时发生的事情)
同义替换 ①see; notice ②watch
optional [ˈɒpʃənl] adj.①可选择的,非强制的 ②选修的
拆分 option(选择)+ al(形容词后缀)→可选择的,非强制的
例句 Japanese is an optional subject at our school.
日语在我们学校是门选修课。
翻译 The gifts on the table are optional.
(可以挑桌子上的礼物。)
同义替换 ①selective
outline [ˈaʊtlaɪn] n. ①轮廓,外形 ②概要,梗概,要点 v. ①画……的轮廓,画……的草图 ②概括,概述
例句 The book gives a brief outline of the course of his research up till now.
这本书简要概述了他迄今为止的研究历程。
翻译 You can just read the outlines first.(你可以先读摘要。)
同义替换 n. ② abstract
outside prep. [ˌaʊtˈsaɪd]①在……的外面,向……的外面 ②除……以外 adj. [ˌaʊtsaɪd]外面的,外部的,外界的 adv. [ˌaʊtˈsaɪd]在外面,向外面 n.[ˌaʊtˈsaɪd]外面,外部,外表
拆分 out(外面)+side(边)→外面
衍生 outsider n. 局外人;(比赛中)不大可能获胜的人
翻译 My wife is waiting outside.(我的妻子正在外面等。)
同义替换 adj. exterior
overcome [ˌəʊvəˈkʌm] v. 克服,战胜
拆分 over(越过)+come(来)→越过来肯定要克服阻碍→克服,战胜
例句 The Chinese Women’s Volleyball Team overcame a lot of difficulties to win the match.
中国女排克服了重重困难,赢得了比赛的胜利。
翻译 They finally overcame the enemy(最终他们战胜了敌人)after a long battle, but hundreds of soldiers died.
同义替换 conquer; exceed; surmount
parallel [ˈpærəlel] n. ①可相比拟的事物,相似处②平行线,平行面 ③纬线 adj. ①平行的 ②类似的,相对应的 ③并列的,并联的,并行的 v. 与……相似,与……相当,比得上
例句 Stamp collecting and coin collecting are parallel hobbies.
集邮和收藏硬币是相似的爱好。
翻译 There are certain parallels.(有某些相似之处。)
同义替换 n. ①similarity adj. ②similar
pardon [ˈpɑːdn] exclamation.①请再说一遍 ②(对发出不礼貌的声音或者打哈欠的道歉)对不起 n. ①饶恕,原谅,对不起 ②赦免,赦免状 v.①饶恕,原谅②赦免
例句 Pardon, you’ll have to talk louder, I can’t hear you.
请再说一遍,你得大点声,我听不见。
翻译 will not pardon your crime
(不会赦免你的罪行)
同义替换 exclamation. ②sorry v. ①forgive; excuse
persuade [pəˈsweɪd] v. ①说服,劝告 ②使信服,使相信
拆分 per(完全,贯穿,自始至终)+ suade(劝)→一直劝→劝说
例句 Now you have raw materials that you can begin to work with using the critical mind that you’ve persuaded to sit on the side and watch quietly. 现在,你有进行批判性思维的原材料了,建议你坐下静静地看文稿。
衍生 persuasive adj. 有说服力的,令人信服的 persuasion n.说服(力),劝说;信念,信仰
翻译 persuade the chairman to give them more time
(说服主席多给他们点时间)
同义替换 ①argue ②convince
policy [ˈpɒləsi] n. ①政策,方针 ②保险单 ③(处事)原则,策略
例句 “Our historic concentration of policy attention and resources on young people cannot meet the new needs,”says the report’s author, Professor Stephen McNair.这篇报告的作者,斯蒂芬·麦克奈尔教授说:“我们在政策关注和资源方面对年轻人的关注不能满足新的需求。”
衍生 political adj. 政治上的;政党的politician n. 政治家,政客 politics n. 政治,政见
翻译 operates a very strict policy on smoking
(对吸烟有严格规定)
同义替换 ③principle
political [pəˈlɪtɪkl] adj. 政治上的,政党的
拆分 politic(politics,政治)+ al(形容词后缀)→政治上的
例句 After all, I don’t study sociology or political theory.毕竟,我并不研究社会学或政治理论。
衍生 policy n. 政策,方针;保险单;(处事)原则
翻译 is seeking a political solution(正寻求政治上的解决办法)
portable [ˈpɔːtəbl] adj. 便于携带的,手提式的,轻便的
拆分 port(拿)+ able(能……的)→可以拿的→手提式的,便携的
例句 A picnic basket is produced, along with a folding table and chairs, a kettle and a portable stove.
野餐篮和折叠桌椅、水壶、便携式火炉一起生产。
翻译 She went to buy a portable typewriter.
(她去买便携式打字机。)
同义替换 hand-held; luggable
powerful [ˈpaʊəfl] adj. ①(身体)强健的 ②权力大的,有势力的 ③有感染力的
拆分 power(权力;影响力;能量)+ ful(形容词后缀)→强壮的;有权势的;有感染力的
翻译 Powerful officials can often receive gifts(有权力的官员经常收到礼物), so the government requires to change their positions every three years.
同义替换 ①strong; formidable
precise [prɪˈsaɪs] adj. ①精确的,准确的 ②恰好的,正好的 ③(人)细致的,认真的
拆分 pre(预先)+ cise(切开,杀)→预先切好→精确的
例句 While much is known about what occurs during sleep,the precise function of sleep and its different stages remains largely in the realm of assumption. 尽管对睡眠期间会发生什么了解了很多,但是睡眠以及睡眠的不同阶段的精确功能很大程度上依然处于假定范畴。
衍生 precisely adv. 精确地
翻译 I have told you the precise nature of the job.
(我已经告诉你这个工作的确切性质。)
同义替换 ①exact; accurate ②very ③careful
predict [prɪˈdɪkt] v. 预计,预言
拆分 pre(before)+ dict(说)→预先说→预言
例句 JAMA predicts a further sales decline of 1.2 percent this year.
日本汽车制造商协会预计今年销售额会再下降1.2%。
衍生 predictable adj. 可预言的 predictor n. 预言家;预测器 prediction n. 预言
翻译 Her lecture on that website predicted...
(她在网上的演讲预言……)
同义替换 foresee; foretell; forecast
preferable [ˈprefrəbl] adj. 更好的,更适合的,更可取的
拆分 prefer(喜欢)+ able(能……的)→能让你更喜欢的
例句 They believe that a modern, industrial France is preferable to the old.
他们认为一个工业化的现代法国比旧的法国更好。
衍生 preference n. 偏爱;偏爱的事物(或人)
翻译 Getting a good job is preferable to getting some money.
(得到一份好工作比得到一笔钱更好。)
同义替换 better
primary [ˈpraɪməri] adj. ①首要的,主要的 ②最初的,原始的
拆分 prim(第一,主要的)+ ary(形容词后缀)→最初的
衍生 primarily adv. 主要地;首先
翻译 the primary concern of engineers(工程师主要关心的事)
同义替换 ①important; chief; main; principal; leading; dominant;basic; fundamental ②original; first
proceed [prəˈsiːd] v. 进行,继续下去
拆分 pro(向前)+ ceed(行走,前进)→向前走→前进
例句 The player proceeded to rub his gloves across his wet T-shirt. 那个球员继而把手套在湿透的T恤上用力擦。
翻译 proceed directly to a company’s website
(直接进入公司的网站)
同义替换 advance; go on
prompt [prɒmpt] adj. ①迅速的,立即的,及时的②准时 n. 提示 v. ①促使,引起,激起 ②为(说话者)提示
例句 Her campaign increased public awareness of the problem and prompted over 300 cities and several states to consider restrictions on cell phone use. 她发起的运动增强了公众对于这个问题的意识,促使300多个城市和好几个州考虑开车时限制司机使用手机。
衍生 promptly adv. 准时地
翻译 His situation prompted me to look for a new job.
(他的境况促使我要找份新工作。)
同义替换 adj. ①quick; instant; immediate; rapid v. ②remind; hint
prospect n. [ˈprɒspekt] ①可能性,机会 ②展望,设想,前景 ③风景 v. [prəˈspekt]探察(以寻找矿藏)
拆分 pros(forward,向前)+ pect(see)→向前看→前途,前景
例句 At the moment, it would seem to us that it is not possible to give a definite answer about the prospects for such a plan.
目前,我们似乎还不能对这个计划的前景下定论。
衍生 prospective adj. 预期的;可能的
翻译 are doubtful about the prospect of a good yield
(对于好收成的前景是怀疑的)
同义替换 n. ①possibility ②future; expectation ③view; scenery;landscape
reaction [riˈækʃn] n. ①反应 ②抗拒
拆分 react(反应;影响)+ ion(名词后缀)→反应
例句 His reaction was to buy more stock.
他的反应是买进更多股票。
翻译 her parents’ reaction to the news
(她父母对这个消息的反应)
同义替换 ①response ②opposition
recall [rɪˈkɔːl] v. ①回忆起 ②召回(人或者问题产品)n. ①记忆力 ②召回令
拆分 re(back,回,回来)+ call(唤)→唤回→召回;回忆起
例句 “Through one of the sessions, I discovered my personal bias,” he recalls. “I learned I had not been looking at a person as a whole person, and being open to differences.”
他回忆说:“在一次课程中,我发现了自己的个人偏见。我发现我一直没有将一个人视为一个整体,也没有敞开怀抱对待分歧。”
翻译 Last year the auto-makers recalled a lot of cars that were unsafe(召回许多不安全的汽车)and lost quite a large sum of money.
同义替换 v. ①remember n. ①memory; recollection
recover [rɪˈkʌvə(r)] v. ①恢复(健康,能力等)②找回(丢失的东西)③赢回,重新获得
拆分 re(表示加强)+ cover(遮盖)→使病退去→恢复原来的样子→找回;恢复
例句 Police recovered 26 bones, a T-shirt and several strands of hair. 警方发现了26根骨头、一件T恤和几缕头发。
衍生 recovery n. 复原;痊愈
翻译 He began to recover.(他开始恢复。)
同义替换 ①restore; revive; heal ②find; get back ③regain
release [rɪˈliːs] v. ①释放,排放 ②解除,解雇 ③发布,发行 ④放开,松开
拆分 re(表示加强)+ lease(放松)→放开,松开
例句 She went to the Governor to beg for her son’s release,but she was refused.
她去恳求总督释放她儿子,但是被拒绝了。
翻译 She was released from her work to attend the wedding(她获准不去上班而去参加婚礼), but she was required to finish her work on time.
同义替换 ①deliver; free; relieve; dismiss②liberate; let go; free