Sentence 78

英文原文：

Yawning bore no relationship to sleep patterns, however. This accords with anecdotal evidence that people often yawn in situations where they are neither tired nor bored, but are preparing for impending mental and physical activity.

TPO-18: The Mystery of Yawning

本题全文及相应译文见免费共享资料“黄金阅读”

参考翻译：

但是，打哈欠与睡眠模式没有关系。这和传闻的证据一致：人们经常不是在疲惫或者无聊的时候打哈欠，而是在为迫在眉睫的脑力活动和体力活动作准备时打哈欠。

知识点小结：

1. “bore”是“bear”的过去式，意思是“to show sth.; to carry sth. so that it can be seen”（显示；带有）。“bear relationship/relation to sth.”可以当作一个词组记下来，意思是“和……有联系/关系”。

2. 词组“accord with”意思是“to agree with; to match sth.”（与……一致，相符），“accord”在此作动词。

3. 词组“neither...nor”意思是“既不……，也不”，注意和词组“either...or”（要么……，要么）区别开。

4. 最后半句省略了一部分，完成的句子应该是“but people often yawn in situations where they are preparing for...”。

5. “impending”的意思是“即将发生的；迫在眉睫的”。

与本次句子翻译相关的阅读题目：

The empirical evidence, such as it is, suggests an altogether different function for yawning—namely, that yawning prepares us for a change in activity level. Support for this theory came from a study of yawning behavior in everyday life. Volunteers wore wrist-mounted devices that automatically recorded their physical activity for up to two weeks: the volunteers also recorded their yawns by pressing a button on the device each time they yawned. The data showed that yawning tended to occur about 15 minutes before a period of increased behavioral activity. Yawning bore no relationship to sleep patterns, however. This accords with anecdotal evidence that people often yawn in situations where they are neither tired nor bored, but are preparing for impending mental and physical activity. Such yawning is often referred to as "incongruous" because it seems out of place, at least on the tiredness view: soldiers yawning before combat, musicians yawning before performing, and athletes yawning before competing. Their yawning seems to have nothing to do with sleepiness or boredom—quite the reverse—but it does precede a change in activity level.

1. The word "empirical" in the passage is closest in meaning to ____.

A. reliable

B. based on common sense

C. relevant

D. based on observation

2. The study of yawning behavior discussed in this paragraph supports which of the following conclusions?

A. Yawning is associated with an expectation of increased physical activity.

B. Yawning occurs more frequently when people are asked to record their yawning.

C. People tend to yawn about fifteen minutes before they become tired or bored.

D. Mental or physical stress tends to make people yawn.

汉英翻译练习：

大学教育和更高级别的教育，比如研究生教育，都不能直接将你领向成功；它们只是能为你的成功之路奠定基础，而不能成为最关键的因素。（用词组neither...nor）

参考翻译：

Neither university education nor more advanced education such as graduate study can lead you directly to success in life; they can only pave the way to your success rather than being the most crucial factor.

请将以上句子扩充后的中文段落翻译成英文：

①大学教育和更高级别的教育，比如研究生教育，都不能直接将你领向成功；它们只是能为你的成功之路奠定基础，而不能成为最关键的因素。②华罗庚，可能是中国近代最著名的数学家，只有初中文化水平。但是他坚定的意志与对待科学的无限热爱，使得他能够为数学科学的进步做出难以磨灭的贡献。中国解析数论学派就是华罗庚建立的。③显然，成功的关键因素很多，但正如华罗庚的故事所展现的，坚定的意志与对自己所从事工作的热爱，要远重要于一纸文凭。

大家想一想，该翻译练习是不是可以用到下面的托福写作中呢？

写作题目：

Do you agree or disagree with the following statement?

University education is the most important factor for success in life.

——2008.6.29

勇哥批改学生翻译练习：

nbxs

醒醒

关天

如果你也想让自己的练习得到批改、想得到老师更多解答的话，请关注文勇的微信liuwenyonglasedu或通过新浪微博@人大社考试分社。