3.4 [54] 景公伐斄胜之问所当赏晏子对以谋胜禄臣

齐景公讨伐莱国取胜问应当如何赏赐功臣，晏子回答说用智谋战胜敌国应该增加臣子的俸禄

【原文】

景公伐斄，胜之。问晏子曰：“吾欲赏于斄何如？”对曰：“臣闻之，以谋胜国者，益臣之禄；以民力胜国者，益民之利。故上有羡获，下有加利，君上享其（民）〔名〕，臣下利其实。故用智者不偷业，用力者不伤苦，此古之善伐者也。”公曰：“善。”于是破斄之臣，东邑之卒，皆有加利。是上独擅名，利下流也。

【今译】

齐景公攻打莱国，获得了胜利，问晏子说：“我想赏赐伐莱有功的臣子，应该怎么做？”晏子回答道：“我听说，靠智谋战胜敌国，应该增加臣子的俸禄；靠百姓的力量战胜敌国，应该增加百姓的利益。因此国君有更多的收获，臣民也有更多的利益，国君享有美名，臣民获得实利。所以付出智谋的人尽心尽责，付出劳力的人不怕辛苦，这就是古时候善于征伐的人的做法。”景公说：“好。”于是参与讨伐莱国的臣子，东部城邑的士卒，全都增加了赏赐。就这样国君独占了战胜者的威名，臣民们则获得了实利。

Duke Jing attacked Li and defeated it. He asked Yanzi: “I would like to grant a reward to those who were involved in Li—what do you think?”

Yanzi replied: “Here is what I have heard: those who defeat a state by means of planning increase the emoluments of their ministers; those who defeat a state through the people’s strength increase the benefits to the people. Therefore,superiors receive excess gains and inferiors receive additional benefits. The high-ranking ruler enjoys fame and his subjects benefit from its fruits. Therefore,those who use their intelligence do not shirk their obligations,and those who use their strength are not hurt by hardship. Such was the situation in ancient times for those who were skillful at attacking.”

The Duke said: “Well argued.” Thereupon,he provided additional benefits to the ministers who crushed Li and the soldiers who fought in this Eastern city-state. In this way,the superior was the only one who enjoyed fame,while the benefits trickled down.

注释

[1]Li 斄 is identical with Lai 莱,a city-state located east of Qi.