郭著章《英汉互译实用教程》(第3版)笔记和课后习题(含考研真题)详解
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2.2 课后习题详解

一、翻译下列各句,特别注意对斜体部分的确切理解与表达

1.That’s all Greek to me.

【答案】我对这个一窍不通。

2.If you see any green in his eye, you are wrong.

【答案】如果你认为他幼稚的话,那你就错了。

3.He was up to his neck in debt.

【答案】他负债累累。

4.The enemy troops fled in disorder.

【答案】敌军狼奔豕突。

5.Chairman Mao’s mind swept easily over the whole world, including many lands and epochs.

【答案】毛主席纵览全球,古今中外,了如指掌。

6.The naughty boy was upsetting the other children, so I showed him the door.

【答案】那个淘气的孩子骚扰到别的孩子,所以我就把他赶出去了。

7.Those persons huff and puff, complain, warn, bluster—and no one seems to pay attention.

【答案】那些人怒气冲冲,牢骚满腹,又是警告,又是大喊大叫,可是谁也不予理睬。

8.You have my sympathy.

【答案】我同情你。

9.A great elation overcomes them.

【答案】他们欣喜若狂。

10.March, 1913 found me working in a small constructional firm.

【答案】1913年3月的时候我在一家小型建筑公司工作。

11.All our sympathies are with you.

【答案】我们很同情你。

12.Washington in that time was a place for Movement people to come for money, not marches.

【答案】当时华盛顿是人们赚钱的地方,而并非是游行的地方。

13.I am not a smoker.

【答案】我不抽烟。

14.A ring road lies on the site of an old town wall which has been removed.

【答案】旧的城墙已经拆除,原来的墙址上修建了一条环城马路。

15.The Security Council has been seized of the question since December 1963.

【答案】安理会从1963年12月开始受理这个问题。

16.Today I welcome the opportunity of exchanging views with the leaders of the Chinese Government about the world scene.

【答案】今天我很高兴有机会同中国政府的领导人就世界形势交换看法。

17.Stop selling me to him.

【答案】别在他面前替我说好话。

18.He sees the book my way ... Even if mine doesn’t sell his sure will.

【答案】对于这部分,他的看法同我一样。即使我的意见难以为人接受,他的意见必能服人。

19.Did you at least total the guy that hit you?

【答案】对于那个揍你的家伙,你至少向他报复了吧?

20.Nyaungu was actually the boundary between the two Japanese divisions.

【答案】良宇实际上是日军两个师的结合部。

21.I’m up to my neck in your bullshit.

【答案】你让我真他妈的倒霉透顶了。

22.“I kept it from her after I heard on it,” said Mr. Peggotty, “going on nigh a year. We was living then in a solitary place, but among the beautifulest trees, and with the roses a-covering our Bein’ to the roof...”

【答案】

译文一:“我听到了那消息以后,”辟果提先生说道,“瞒了她差不多一年。我们当时住在一个僻静的地方,周围有十分美丽的树,屋顶上有蔷薇花……”

译文二:“起那时俺听了消息后,”辟果提先生说道,“瞒了她快一年了。俺们那时呆的地方挺背,前后八方树林子说不出的最漂亮,屋顶尽是蔷薇花……”

23.Suddenly the line went limp. “I’m going back,” said Kurth. “We must have a break somewhere. Wait for me.  I’ll be back in five minutes.”

【答案】电线突然耷拉了下来。库尔斯说:“我回去看看。一定是哪个地方断了。稍等,我五分钟就回来。”

24.John can be relied on. He eats no fish and plays the game.

【答案】约翰为人可靠。他既诚实又正直。

25.She didn’t like him much, but if she went out with him, it’d be one in the eye for Kath.

【答案】凯丝很不喜欢他。如果有一天她和他约会了,那对凯丝来说简直是侮辱。

26.He was regarded by all good wives far and near as a hero.

【答案】远近的家庭主妇们把他看作英雄。

27.Robin Hood and his merry men hated the rich and helped the poor.

【答案】罗宾汉和他的伙伴们痛恨阔人,并帮助穷人。

28.There’s no pot so ugly it can’t find a lid.

【答案】丑女不愁嫁。

29.Didn’t she swear she’d never again believe anything in trousers?

【答案】她不是发誓从此以后再也不相信男人了吗?

30.SS guards then shoved each prisoner in the direction the doctor had indicated.

【答案】希特勒的党卫军按医生所指的方向把犯人推出去。

二、翻译下列短语和句子,注意一语多译或多语同译

1.a broken man

a broken soldier

broken money

【答案】

亡命之徒/绝望的人/心碎的人/潦倒的人

一个残废军人

零钱

2.We can make out the meaning of the word from the context.

We should settle the disputes in the context of the Five Principles of Peaceful Coexistence.

It is in this context that the tragedy of Sahara was born.

We must operate within the context of the general guide lines.

In this context, I’ve to call your attention to the fact that the peaceful trend in the Indo-China Peninsula is essential to peace in the world.

【答案】

我们可以从上下文判断出这个单词的意思

我们应当在和平共处五项原则的基础上解决这些争端。

撒哈拉的悲剧正是在这种情况下发生的。

我们必须按照奥林匹克精神办事。

就此而论,我不得不提醒大家这样一个事实,印度支那半岛局势的稳定对世界和平来说是至关重要的。

3.Soames shook her hand and went downstairs.

He never read a book in his life and wrote a schoolboy hand.

It would be like trying to make the hands of a clock move backwards.

Mr. Hunter suddenly failed and all hands in the factory were turned off.

【答案】

索姆斯跟她握一下手,就下楼了。

他一辈子没读过书,所以写的字像小学生似的。

这无异是想使时钟倒转。

亨特先生突然破产了,工厂所有的职工都被解雇了。

4.It was a good dinner.

Our Party secretary proved to be a very good listener.

The captain of the jet came back, saluted and, in very good English said to the President, “To Cairo, sir?”

He (Dulles) was told, when complaining that he could not follow Nasser’s moves, that Nasser was a good chess player.

They are really good Christians, good parents, children, wives or husbands.

【答案】

这是一个丰盛的宴会。

我们的党支书善于听取群众的意见。

喷气机机长走过来,敬了礼,用非常漂亮的英语问总统:“先生,去开罗吗?”

有一次,当他抱怨纳塞尔棋步难以琢磨时,有人对他说,纳塞尔是个高明的棋手。

他们是虔诚的教徒、慈爱的父母、孝顺的儿女、贤良的妻子、尽职 的丈夫。

5.We are neither making an apology nor expressing glee.

He knows of course their triumphant proclamation by the Bonapartist generals themselves.

He exults in the important part he plays and the noise he makes in the world!

It was obvious that the American was backing down. Eden was beside himself with fury. And Nasser rode high.

【答案】

我们既不向谁表示歉意,也不洋洋得意。

他当然知道波拿马的将军们洋洋自得地宣布的种种暴行。

他对自己所起的重要作用以及在全世界制造的喧嚣洋洋得意。

很明显,美国在打退堂鼓。艾登气得不得了,而纳赛尔则洋洋得意。

三、翻译下列句子,注意词义的褒贬

1.They incited him to go into further investigation.

The plotters incited the soldiers to rise against their officers.

【答案】

他们鼓励他再做进一步的调查。

密谋者煽动士兵反对他们的军官。

2.This general has the reputation of being courageous.

He was an honest man, but unfortunately he had a certain reputation.

【答案】

这位将军以勇敢闻名。

他是个正直的人,但不幸的是他有个不好的名声。

3.French, German, Spanish workmen! Let our voice unite in one cry of reprobation against war!

It is known, how in the day of June 1848, the “men of order” shook Europe with the cry of indignation against the Insurgent because of the assassination of the Arch-bishop of Paris.

【答案】

法国、德国、西班牙的工人们,把我们的呼声联合成为反对战争的怒吼吧!

人们都知道,在1848年6月的日子里,“秩序人物”怎样就巴黎大主教被杀事件掀起震荡全欧洲反对起义者的愤怒叫嚣。

4.Many of the old Orleanist stagers had merged into the Bonapartist Lot.

【答案】很多奥尔良的老角色也与波拿巴派同流合污了。

5.In our Second Address on the war, five days after the advent of those men, we told you what they were.

【答案】在这伙人上台五天后,我们在关于前次战争的第二篇宣言中已经向你们说明他们是什么货色了。

6.In reality, he put down the revolution at Lyons and Marseilles in the name of the Republic, while the roars of his Rurals drowned the very mention of its name at Versailles.

【答案】实际上他用共和国的名义镇压了里昂和马赛的革命,而他的“地主议员们”在凡尔赛只要一听到“共和国”这个词就狂吠起来。

7.But it would be ludicrous today to attempt recounting the merely preliminary atrocities committed by the bombardiers of Paris and the fomenters of a slave holders’ rebellion protected by foreign invasion.

【答案】但是今天要试图一一列举出那些轰击巴黎,在外国侵略者的卵翼下发起奴隶主叛乱的人们的暴行(而这些暴行仅仅是开始),那就太可笑了。

四、在下列句子或段落的翻译中注意选词用字

1.The people the world over hope to enjoy a lasting peace.

Their journey left a lasting imprint on Mexican culture, on the refinement of its arts and customs.

【答案】

全世界人民都希望享受永久和平。

这一航行在墨西哥的文化中,在它的艺术和风俗改进中,留下了不可磨灭的印记。

2.Many prominent journalists besiege his door, seeking audience with him and President Bush.

【答案】许多知名记者竞相登门求见, 并要求他引见布什总统。

3.We would like to build a colour blind society where all men can have equal opportunity.

【答案】我们愿意建立一个机会均等、不因肤色不同而产生种族歧视的社会。

4.Alas, an examination of the international situation does not warrant optimism.

【答案】可惜的是,国际形势看来并不使人乐观。

5.Arabs rub shoulders with Jews, and have been doing so from the earliest settlement of the territories.

【答案】阿拉伯人和以色列人生活在一起,而且从这些地区最初有人居住的时候就一种如此。

6.He once again imparted to us his great knowledge, experience and wisdom.

【答案】我们又一次领教了他渊博的知识、丰富的经验和无穷的智慧。

7.But Egypt was recovering herself, drawing lessons both from her own mistakes and from her enemies.

【答案】埃及正在恢复自己的本来面目,她既从自己的错误中吸取教训,又从自己的敌人那里得到借鉴。

8.Nuclear energy is stored in the nucleus of an atom and can be released through fission, fusion, or radioactivity.

【答案】原子能储存在原子核,可通过裂变、聚变或放射释放出来。

Traffic Regulations and Driving Habits in Some European Countries

In Austria, a first aid kit is compulsory. Driving licenses will be confiscated for an alcohol offence.

In Belgium traffic from the right has the right of way. If you are involved in an accident you must stay at the scene until the police allow you to leave.

In France, seat belts are compulsory outside built-up areas.

In Holland, seat belts are compulsory for drivers and front seat passengers unless they are under 1.6 metres tall.

In Italy, penalties are heavy for drunken drivers. Sometimes they can be put in prison for up to six months. Translation of driver’s license is essential.

In Germany, parking facing the oncoming traffic is forbidden.

【译文】

某些欧洲国家的交通规则和驾驶习惯

在奥地利,车上必备急救药箱。司机要是喝了酒,其执照必须吊销。

在比利时,右边来的车有优先行使权。如果你与事故有关,必须留在现场,直到警察允许才能离开。

在法国,车出建筑物多的地方之后必须系上安全带。

在荷兰,身高过1.6米者,开车或与司机坐同一排时一定要系安全带。

在意大利,司机醉酒必受严惩,有时得坐牢半年。吊销执照是必不可少的。

在德国,禁止对着车停车。

五、注意下面汉译英中的措词

1.那地方是块肥肉,谁都想吃。

【答案】That place is an attractive piece of meat coveted by all.

2.只有武器而没有使用它们的人,武器是空的。

【答案】Weapons are of no avail without the people who use them.

3.饮水不忘挖井人。

【答案】When drinking from a well, one must not forget those who dug it.

4.现在有许多人在提倡民族化、科学化和大众化。

【答案】Many people nowadays are calling for a transformation to a national, scientific and mass style.

5.“所谓’贤者’,就是要顾大局,识大体,抓大事。”

【答案】“A ‘wise man’ is one who bears the overall situation in mind, puts the general interest above all and grasp the major issues.”

6.我们要进行有理、有利、有节的斗争。

【答案】We should wage struggles “on just grounds”, “to our advantage” and “with restraint”.