Part Five Grammar

Noun Clause I

名词性从句（一）：主语从句与宾语从句

1．主语从句（Subject Clause）

主语从句顾名思义就是在句中起主语作用的从句。通常，主语从句由that, wh-疑问词或名词性关系词引导，可以置于句首，但习惯上通常用先行词it替代主语从句，而将主语后置。例如：

1）That he died in a car accident made us very sad．他因车祸而丧生，这让我们很伤心。

→It made us very sad that he died in a car accident.

2）When he will be discharged from hospital hasn't been decided yet．还没有决定他什么时候能出院。

→It hasn't been decided when he will be discharged from hospital.

3）What you said is right．你的话是对的。

在口语或非正式文体中，如果先行词是it的话，that常可省略。例如：

1）It's a pity (that) you didn't get his letter．可惜你没收到他的信。

2）It's a great sorrow (that) he didn't buy the ticket．真可惜他没买票。

2．宾语从句（Object Clause）

宾语从句作宾语使用，通常由that, wh-疑问词或名词性关系词引导，置于动词或介词之后。例如：

1）He said that he would go to school．他说他要去学校。

2）She tried to understand what she was reading．她尝试理解她正在看的东西。

3）He showed interest in what I need．他对我需要什么感兴趣。

宾语从句可以分直接宾语从句和间接宾语从句。例如：

1）He said he would come to solve the problem．他说他来解决这个问题。

2）She didn't believe that he had been dismissed．她不相信他被解雇了。

3）He asked me what I was reading．他问我在看什么书。

4）I always give him what he needs．我总是给他他所需要的东西。

在口语或非正式文体中，如果宾语从句中的引导词是that且that没有特定意思的话，常可省略。例如：

1）He said (that) he would marry her．他说他要娶她。

2）They claimed (that) they would take the responsibility for it．他们声称会对此负责。

Practice

Directions Identify the subject clause or the object clause in each of the following sentences.

1．Do you know who lost the key?

2．It hasn't been decided what should be done for the problem.

3．We're worried about who will take the position.

4．What measure should be taken is still a question for them.

5．He always gave me whatever I need.

6．Nothing shows what will happen in a minute.

7．She refused to listen to what I talked about the lecture.

8．When they should start the project will soon be discussed.