C
141 cacophony []杂音;不和谐的声音
同义词
discord,
dissonance
源 caco- = bad不好 + phony = sound声音 → 不好的声音 → 发音不和谐的。caco-这个词根读起来类似“喀喀”声,感觉就是不和谐的。
句 A cacophony of drums, human voices, and trumpets filled the air.空气中充满鼓声、人声和喇叭的不和谐声音。
142 cadaverous []惨白的;憔悴的
同义词
pale
源 cadaverous 源自 cadaver(尸体)。cadaver 中的 cad-词根(变体为 cid-)表示 to fall(落下;坠落)(尸体是一种落下之物)。此外,如 case(案例)、accident(意外)、cascade(小瀑布)均源自 cad-词根。
句 The patient has a cadaverous face.这个病人面容憔悴。
143 cajole []劝诱;哄骗
同义词
coax, seduce,
wheedle
谐 想象有个陌生人突然对你磕头而且还叫你舅舅,无非是想骗取你的钱。
句 He cajoled me into buying that car.他诱骗我买下那辆车。
144 callous []麻木不仁的;无感觉的;冷酷无情的
同义词
insensitive,
uncaring
形 callous 的词形类似 “call 打电话 + us 我们”。这样记:他们真是冷酷无情(callous),因为不管发生什么事情,他们只会说“Don’t call us!”(别打电话给我们!)
句 The factory owner is callous about the safety of his workers.这家工厂的老板对于工人们的安全麻木不仁。
145 calumniate []诽谤
同义词
slander, defame
形 calumniate源自calumny(诽谤),而calumny则源自challenge(挑战),把这两个单词一起读,你会发现他们的相似处“诽谤就是一种不实指控,挑战一个人的德行”。
句 These wicked persons are endeavoring to dig open the grave and calumniate the dead.这些邪恶的人试图打开坟墓,污蔑死者。
146 candid []公正的;公平的
同义词
honest, blunt,
frank
源 candid 与 candidate(候选人)以及 candle(蜡烛)的词源相同。这三个单词均与“白色”有关。蜡烛是白色的;candid 指人品纯洁无瑕;candidate 指罗马穿白袍竞选公职者,象征公职者应纯洁无瑕。在伏尔泰的讽刺小说《憨第德》(Candide)中,书中同名主角憨第德就是一个很纯真的人。
句 She was quite candid about the difficulties her company is having.她对于她的公司所面对的困难非常坦白。
147 cantankerous []脾气坏的;抱怨不休的
同义词
grumpy, irascible,
irritable
拆 can罐头 + tank坦克 + erous。想象罐头和坦克这种事物,是不是都会制造很大的声响,所以就把它们归类为“抱怨不休的”。
句 Most people become more cantankerous when they grow older.大部分的人随着年龄增长就变得更爱抱怨。
148 capitulate []投降;屈从
同义词
give in,
come to terms,
submit, succumb,
yield, surrender
形 利用captive(俘虏)来记忆capitulate(其实两者的词源不同)。
句 The rebels capitulated on agreed conditions.叛军按照事先谈妥的条件投降了。
149 caprice []反复无常;多变
同义词
whim, impulse
拆 cap帽子 + rice米。想象一个反复无常的商人,今天卖帽子,明天卖米。
句 She couldn’t bear her husband’s caprices and moods.她无法忍受丈夫的任性与喜怒无常。
150 cardiac []心脏的;心脏病的
同义词
heart
源 cardiac 源自希腊语 kardia = heart。请观察 cardiac 中的 card 与 heart 的词形:c = h(当 c 发[k],而 h 发[h]时,两者的发音位置均在软腭),a = ea(两者皆为元音),r = r,d = t(两者在发音时,发音位置同,差别只在有声[d]与无声[t])。cordial(诚挚的;发自内心的)也源自相同词源。
句 The lady was suffering from cardiac weakness.这位女士患有心脏衰弱。
151 caricature [()]讽刺画;夸张的描述
同义词
parody,
burlesque,
cartoon, distortion
音 caricature 和 career(生涯)、charge(掌管;装炮弹)、carriage(四轮马车)为同源词,均源自拉丁语 carrus(二轮马车)。career 是指马车轮子压过的痕迹,引申为“生涯”;charge 与马车装载负重(load)有关,所以有“掌管;装炮弹”的词义;carriage 是“四轮马车”;至于 caricature 本身也有“装载”(load)之意,但这种装载是一种超载,也就是“夸大”(exaggeration),所以产生现在的词义。
句 He drew a caricature of the prime minister with a long nose.他替首相画了一幅长鼻子的讽刺画。
152 cartel []企业联合;卡特尔(企业间通过统一价格以获取利润)
同义词
coalition
综 cartel的音译就是“卡特尔”。
句 The cartel was accused of fixing the price of steel.这个企业联盟被控操控钢铁的价格。
153 caste []社会阶级;(印度的)种姓制度
同义词
class, rank,
stratum
源 caste 源自 chaste(纯洁的;贞洁的)。chaste 有 unmixed 的含义。
句 The ruling caste does not allow others to join it.统治集团不允许他人加入。
154 castigate []惩罚;训斥
同义词
reprimand,
berate, censure,
rebuke
音 读音类似cast the gate(丢掷一个门)。想象一群工人把一个价值连城的古城门丢到河里去,受到严厉训斥。
助 They were castigated for casting the gate into the river. (他们因为把大门丢进河里而被训斥。)
句 The professor castigated his students for showing no interest in academic discussions. 这位教授斥责他的学生对于学术讨论没有任何兴趣。
155 catastrophe []大灾难;大祸
同义词
disaster, calamity,
cataclysm, fiasco
拆 cat猫 + as当作 + trophe(词形类似trophy奖杯)→ 把猫当作奖杯,当然会形成一场灾难。我们可以想象每个奖杯上坐着一只猫,猫把每个得奖者抓得满脸伤痕,真的是一场灾难。
句 The reorganization of the avian flu would be a catastrophe.禽流感病毒的变异将是一场大灾难。
156 cease []停止;终止
同义词
discontinue,
terminate
音 我们把 seize 和 cease 一起记忆,两者发音类似。这样记:人应该 seize the day(把握时光,源自拉丁语 carpe diem)不然就是 cease to be(死亡,即停止存在)。
句 Welfare payment ceases as soon as you find a job.只要你找到工作就会停发福利救济金。
157 celebrated []知名的;著名的
同义词
acclaimed,
distinguished,
eminent,
prominent
源 celebrate(庆祝)、celebrity(名人)、celebrated均为同源词。
句 Oprah ended her celebrated TV talk show in 2011.奥普拉在2011年停止了知名的电视脱口秀节目。(Oprah 奥普拉,美国电视节目主持人)
158 chauvinist []沙文主义者
源 chauvinism的音译就是“沙文主义”。
句 The author was damned as a male chauvinist who oppressed his wife and exploited his daughters.这位作家压迫妻子,并且剥削女儿,被批评是男性沙文主义者。
159 chisel []凿;刻
同义词
carve, engrave
谐 谐音类似“七手”。想象一堆人,七手八脚正在凿着一个东西。
句 A poem was chiseled into the stone.石头上刻着一首诗。
160 chronic []慢性的;长期的
同义词
persistent
谐 chronic 的谐音类似“跨”或“垮”。这样记:慢性病可以横跨很多年,并且拖垮很多家庭。
句 Over the years, he has developed a chronic cough.这些年来,他的咳嗽已经成为一种慢性病。
161 chronology []年表;大事记
同义词
calendar
源 与chronic为同源词。请见chronic条目。
句 Here is a chronology of Darwin’s life.这是达尔文的生平年表。
162 circulate []循环;环行;流通
同义词
spread,
disseminate,
distribute, flow
源 源自circle(圆圈)。
句 Blood circulates in the body.血液在体内循环。
163 circumspect []谨慎的;小心的
同义词
cautious, prudent
源 circum- = circle 圆圈 + spect = look 看 → 四周看一遍 → 谨慎的;小心的。
句 Nowadays, banks are more circumspect in their dealings.时下银行在交易时都更加慎重。
164 circumvent []以智取胜;规避;绕过;绕道
同义词
get round, outwit,
evade
源 circum- = circle圆圈 + vent = come来 → 绕一圈过来 → 绕道。
句 Obstacles are to be overcome, not circumvented.障碍应克服,而不是规避。
165 clamorous []吵闹的;喧嚣的
同义词
vociferous
源 clamorous 源自 clamor(喧闹声)。而 clamor 又源自 claim(要求;主张),其词源意义为 call(呼喊)。
句 I can’t believe these clamorous machines create the best acoustical tiles.我真不敢相信,这些吵闹的机器制造出最优良的隔音板。
166 clandestine []秘密的;暗中的
同义词
secret,
concealed,
stealthy
源 clandestine 与 clam(蛤蜊;蚌)为同源词。请观察 clandestine 中的 clan 和 clam 的词形颇为类似。蛤蜊为紧闭着的软体生物,因为紧闭,所以有“秘密的;暗中的”的含义。
句 A German police operation uncovered the clandestine waste network.德国警方的行动揭开这个偷偷摸摸的废弃物网络。
167 clement []仁慈的;厚道的;(气候)温和的
同义词
benevolent
源 大写的Clement是常见的人名“克莱门特”,如教宗克莱门特五世(Clement V)与教宗克莱门特七世(Clement VII)。
句 Maneuvers will be performed during the clement months.演习将会在温暖的月份进行。
168 clique []派系;党派
同义词
cabal, faction
综 用click(一见如故)来记忆clique。他们两个一见如故(They clicked immediately.),当然就成为一个小集团(clique)。
句 Our team had too many cliques and never knew what teamwork was.我们的队伍里有太多小派系,从来不知道什么叫作团队合作。
| co | 一起
169 coalition []结盟;联合政府;联合体
同义词
alliance,
amalgamation,
fusion
形 利用coal(煤炭)来记忆coalition。想象一个地区的煤矿工(coal miners)为了捍卫自己的权利,串联各个工会结盟(coalition)。
句 After the election, three parties formed a coalition government.选举之后,三个政党形成联合政府。
170 coerce []强迫;迫使
同义词
pressurize
谐 谐音“口恶”。此外,coerce读起来也有点像“恐吓”。
句 The housewife was coerced into buying some expensive detergents.这位家庭主妇被迫购买一些昂贵的清洁剂。
171 cognizant []已认知的;认识到的
同义词
aware, conscious,
acquainted
源 与 recognize(认出;识别)为同源词。
句 I think we need to be cognizant of the limitations of our project.我认为我们应该意识到我们的计划有其局限性。
172 cohesion []结合;凝聚;附着力
同义词
connection
源 与 cohere(黏合;一贯)、adhere(黏附着)。
句 Lack of cohesion within the administration resulted in numerous errors.行政部门缺乏凝聚力导致许多错误发生。
173 coincide []同时发生
同义词
coexist,
synchronize
源 co- = together一起 + incide = fall upon落下 → 两个事件同时落下 → 同时发生。coincide的名词为coincidence(巧合),与incident(事件)为同源词。
句 My trip to London coincides with John’s.我去伦敦的旅行与约翰是同一时间。
174 collaborate []共同工作;合作
同义词
cooperate,
join forces
源 col- = together一起 + laborate = labor劳动 → 一起劳动 → 合作。
句 The two countries have collaborated on many space projects over the years.这些年来,两国合作了许多太空计划。
175 combustion []燃烧;燃烧过程
同义词
burning, ignition
综 combustion的词形类似“come + bus”。下次看到公交车开过来(Here comes the bus!),记得想象它的动力来源就是一台持续燃烧油气的内燃发动机(internal combustion engine)。
句 The internal combustion engine created a new mobility.内燃发动机创造了一种新的移动方式。
176 commodious []宽敞的;宽敞而便利的
同义词
roomy, spacious,
capacious
谐 谐音“可磨地”。一个地方如果可以磨地板(跳舞之意),那么一定很宽敞。
句 The villa is commodious and furnished with elegance.这间别墅很宽敞,而且布置优雅。
177 commodity []商品;日用品
同义词
goods
源 commodity与commodious(宽敞的)为同源词。宽敞的地方,自然是便利的。而各种商品也是为了人的便利而存在。
句 Prices went up on several basic commodities like bread and meat.面包、肉等几种基本商品的价格上涨了。
178 compatible []能共处的;相容的;和睦相处的
同义词
harmonious,
congruous
拆 compatible读音类似“come来 + pat拍 + table桌子”。想象有一天你发表意见之后,你的上司来到你的座位,轻拍桌子鼓励,表示他和你很合得来。
助 My manager did come to pat my table to show how compatible we were.(经理真的来轻拍我的桌子,表示我们两个真的很合得来。)
句 The new printer is not compatible with my computer.这台新打印机和我的电脑不相容。
179 compendium []概要;概略
同义词
digest, epitome
综 谐音“看片”。我们去电影院看片时,不是都会先到入口处拿一张剧情概要吗?也可以从词源来看 compendium:com- = together一起 + ponder = weigh 称重量(称量事物的重量,就是思量)→ 把全体都思量一遍 → 概略。
句 The small book is a compendium of English literature.这本小册子是英国文学的概要。
180 compensate []补偿;赔偿
同义词
atone, refund,
counterbalance
源 compensate和compendium(概略)为同源词。补偿其实也有一种把全体都思量一遍的意思。
句 Nothing can compensate for the loss of a life.生命的失去无法补偿。
181 complacent []满足的;自满的
同义词
contented,
satisfied
源 complacent中的placent读音类似pleasant(令人愉快的),其词源意义也是pleasant。complacent在构词上的意义是“非常愉快”,当然就是“自满的”。此外,placid(平静的;宁静的)这个单词也属同源词,都和pleasant有关。
句 Never become complacent about your progress.对于你的进步,不要沾沾自喜。
182 compliant []顺从的
同义词
pliant, pliable
综 把complaint(抱怨)的字母重组就得到compliant(顺从的)。
句 As a student, he was much naughtier than his compliant classmates.还是学生时,他比那些唯唯诺诺的同学要调皮得多。
183 complement []补充物;补足物
同义词
completion,
counterpart
源 complement 源自 complete(使完整;使完全)。
句 The wine would be a nice complement to this excellent menu.酒使这些佳肴完美无缺。
184 component []构成要素;零件;成分
同义词
constituent,
element,
ingredient
源 component 与 compose(构成;作曲)、compound(化合物)为同源词。
句 Trust is a vital component in their relationship.在他们的关系中,信任是一个很重要的因素。
| con | 一起
185 concession []让步
同义词
grant, adjustment,
compromise
谐 谐音“看谁先让步”。想象两个人在独木桥上互不相让,“看谁先让步”。
句 We have to make concessions if we want to avoid a strike.如果想避免罢工,我们必须做出让步。
186 concoct []调制;调和;捏造;策划
同义词
make up,
contrive, devise
源 con- = together一起 + coct = cook煮 → 放在一起煮 → 调制。
句 She concocted an excuse to explain why she was late.她捏造了一个理由来解释为什么迟到。
187 concomitant []相伴的;伴随的
同义词
affiliated, auxiliary
综 我们先把 concomitant 拆开:con + com + i + tant。concomitant 中的 con-词根有 together 之意,而 com 类似 companion(伴侣),tant 的词形类似 assistant(助理)。以上这三个部分均有“伴随”之意,这样所以我们应该能很容易就记住 concomitant 这个单词。
句 They hated the war with all its concomitant sufferings.他们厌恶这场战争以及随之而来的种种苦难。
188 confederate []同盟的;联合的 同伙;共犯
同义词
ⓐ allied, federal
ⓝ accomplice
源 confederate与federal(联邦的)为同源词。
句 Some gangsters tried to free their jailed confederates last month.上个月,有些帮派分子想要解救他们被监禁的同伙。
189 configuration []结构;配置;布局
同义词
arrangement
源 源自 configure(配置;对……进行设定)。configure 的词源分析:con- = together 一起 + figure = figure 数字;符号;形象 → 把全部的数字码放在一起 → 配置。
句 The configuration of wires in the device is very complicated.这个装置中的电线配置非常复杂。
190 confine []限制;使局限
同义词
restrict, enclose
源 con- = together一起 + fine = limit限制 → 四周都有限制 → 使局限。
句 He’s confined to bed with pneumonia.他因为肺炎而卧病在床。
191 congenial []①协调的;意气相投的 ②友善的
同义词
① compatible
② agreeable, friendly
源 con- = together 一起 + gen = gene 种类 + -ial → 同一种类 → 协调的;意气相投的。
句 He is now fully recovered owing to the congenial weather.由于天气宜人,他现在已经完全恢复了。
192 connotation []含蓄;言外之意
同义词
association
源 con- = together一起 + not = note意义 + -ation → 伴随而来的含义 → 言外之意。
句 The word “armchair” has a connotation of relaxation.“扶手椅”这个词有放松的含义。
193 conquest []征服;占领;克服
同义词
defeat, mastery,
victory
源 源自 conquer(攻克;战胜)。
句 The basic aim of this foundation is the conquest of illiteracy.这个基金会的基本宗旨是扫盲。
194 consecrate []使神圣化;任圣职;献身
同义词
bless, sanctify
源 con- = completely全然(即加强)+ secrate = sacred神圣 → 使之成为神圣 → 使神圣化。
句 She consecrated her life to helping the poor.她奉献自己的生命帮助穷人。
195 consensus []一致
同义词
agreement,
assent, consent,
concord
源 con- = together一起 + sensus = feel, sense感觉 → 相同的感觉 → 一致。
句 The general consensus of opinion is that the plan should be put off.大家一致同意这个计划应该延后。
196 considerable []相当多的;重要的;值得考虑的
同义词
marked,
noticeable,
substantial
源 considerable源自consider(考虑)。如果一个东西是值得考虑的,那么一定是有相当大的数量,或有相当重要的价值。
句 She made a considerable sum of money in real estate.她做房地产生意赚了一大笔钱。
197 conspicuous []显著的;易看见的
同义词
obvious, blatant,
salient
源 con- = completely全然(即加强)+ spicious = look看 → 专注地看 → 显著的。
句 In front of us is a conspicuous towering office block.我们面前是醒目高耸的办公大楼。
198 constraint []约束;限制
同义词
restriction, rein
源 constraint 的动词形态为 constrain(迫使;限制),这两个单词均与 strain(扭;拉紧)为同源词。
句 Finally, the guests relaxed and talked without constraint.最后客人放松下来,不受拘束地开始聊天。
199 construe []解释;理解为
同义词
interpret
源 construe 源自 construct(建造;构成)。如果你 construct,你建出一个建筑物(就是“建造”),如果你 construe,你建出一个理论(就是“解释”)。
句 His statement has been wrongly construed.他的声明被人扭曲解释。
200 consummate []实现;使完美
同义词
effectuate,
attain
源 con- = completely全然(即加强)+ summate = summit顶点 → 达到顶点 → 使完美。
句 He was beside himself with joy because he consummated his first deal.他快乐极了,因为他完成了第一笔交易。
201 contaminate []污染;弄脏
同义词
pollute, befoul,
infect, taint
源 contaminate与contagious(接触传染的)、contact(接触)为同源词。因为接触了,才会被污染。
句 Police said the drinking water had been contaminated.警方说饮用水已经被污染。
202 contemplate []思量;仔细考虑
同义词
deliberate,
ponder, ruminate
源 contemplate中的template指的就是temple(神殿)。希腊的神殿是观测思考之地。
句 My sister contemplated a career as a public servant.我的姐姐考虑去做公务员。
203 contempt []轻视;蔑视
同义词
scorn, disdain,
disregard
谐 谐音“看天不大”。想象一只井底之蛙,看天不大,充满蔑视之意。
句 The minister was fined for contempt of court.部长因藐视法庭而被罚款。
204 contentious []争论的
同义词
captious,
controversial
源 contentious 源自 contention(主张;论点),而 contention 则源自 contend(争夺;竞争)。
句 Oil prices are among the most contentious issues in our country.在我国,汽油价格是最有争议的议题之一。
205 contiguous []接触的;邻近的
同义词
adjacent,
adjoining
源 contiguous 与 contact(接触)为同源词。请观察 contiguous 与 contact 的构词形态:con = con,t = t,i = a(两者皆为元音),g = c(当 g 发音为 [g],而 c 发音为 [k] 时,两者的发音位置相同,差别只在于有声或无声)。
句 Their land lies contiguous to a national park.他们的土地与国家公园相邻。
206 convey []运送;搬运
同义词
carry, transport
源 convey 与 convoy(护卫)为同源词。两个单词均源自 via(经由;取道)。
句 They will build pipes to convey petroleum to Europe.他们将建造油管来输送原油至欧洲。
207 convict []证明……有罪;判……有罪
同义词
condemn,
sentence
源 convict 源自 convince(说服;使信服)。用司法的程序来使人信服。
句 He was convicted of theft.他被宣判犯了偷窃罪。
208 convivial []酒宴的;欢乐的
同义词
sociable, amiable,
cheerful
源 convivial 中的 vivial 源自vivid(鲜艳的;有生气的;生动的)。
句 The atmosphere was convivial and everyone had a good time.气氛很欢乐,大家都渡过了愉快的时光。
209 copious []丰富的;大量的;多产的
同义词
abundant, ample,
plentiful
综 用 copy(复印;复制)来记忆 copious。复制当然可以大量地生产。
句 He supported his theory with copious facts and examples.他用大量的事实与例子来支持自己的理论。
210 cordial []诚挚的;友好的;衷心的
同义词
affable, hearty
源 cordial 和 heart(心)其实是同一个单词。请观察 cordial 和 heart 的词形:c= h(当 c 的发音为 [k],而 h 的发音为 [h] 时,两者的发音位置几乎相同),o = ea(两者皆为元音),r = r,d = t(当 d 的发音为 [d],而 t 的发音为 [t] 时,两者的发音相同,差别只在有声或无声)。
句 The host gave the guests a cordial greeting.主人热情接待了这些客人。
211 correspondence []①一致;符合 ②往来书信
同义词
① conformity, correlation
② letter, epistle
源 correspondence与response(回答)为同源词。
句 We welcome correspondence from our readers.我们欢迎读者的来信。
212 corrigible []可修正的;有待修正的
同义词
rectifiable
源 corrigible 与 correct(正确的)为同源词。请观察 corrigible 和 correct 的词形:cor = cor,r = r,i = e(两者皆为元音),g = c(当 g 发音为 [g] 而 c 发音为 [k] 时,两者的发音位置相同,差别只在于有声或无声)。
句 Ignorance is corrigible as long as you are willing to learn.只要你愿意学习,无知是可以改正的。
213 costly []贵重的;宝贵的
同义词
expensive, dear
源 源自cost(价值)。
句 Buying new curtains may prove too costly.买新窗帘可能会花太多钱。
214 cosmopolitan []世界性的;国际性的
同义词
universal, global,
worldwide
综 Cosmopolitan时尚杂志的中文版就叫作《时尚》。
句 New York is a cosmopolitan city.纽约是个世界性的都市。
215 counsel []劝告;忠告;建议
同义词
advice,
recommendation
源 源自consult(与……商量)。
句 You can always count on his wise counsel.你永远都能依赖他睿智的建议。
216 counterpart []极相像的人或物
同义词
equal, equivalent
源 conter- = contrary 对立 + part 部分;一方 → 对立的另一方(想象镜子中的人或物)→ 相像的人或物。
句 The Prime Minister had talks with his Brazilian counterpart.首相与巴西总理(职位相当的人)举行会谈。
217 countervailing []补偿的;对抗的;抵消的
同义词
counteractive
源 counter- = contrary 对立 + vail = value 力量 + ing → 对立的力量 → 补偿的;对抗的;抵消的。
句 When there is no countervailing power, dictatorship may flourish.当没有抗衡的力量时,独裁就可能兴起。
218 creditable []值得称赞的
同义词
praiseworthy,
laudable,
commendable
源 源自 credit(信用;声誉)。信用好就是值得称赞的。
句 The truce is a creditable achievement.停战协定是个值得称道的成就。
219 credulous []易受骗的;轻信的
同义词
gullible
源 源自 credit(信用;信赖)。容易信赖别人就是易受骗的。
句 Credulous investors were persuaded to invest millions of dollars in this company.易受骗的投资者被说服投资这个公司数百万美元。
220 crucial []重要的;关键性的
同义词
critical, decisive,
pivotal
源 crucial 与 crux(关键)为同源词,这两个单词均与 cross 有关,如 crossroads 这个单词,意思是“十字路口;关键时刻”。
句 Enthusiasm is a crucial factor in deciding who would be the next team leader.在决定下任队长是谁的时候,热忱是一个关键的因素。
221 cryptic []含义隐晦的;晦涩难懂的
同义词
enigmatic,
obscure
源 cryptic 源自 crypt(地下室;地窖)。想象一个人被关在地窖里(crypt),不断哭泣(cry),充满痛苦(pain)与泪水(tear):cry + p + t →crypt。
句 Experts tried to decipher the cryptic message on the wall.专家们试着解读墙上令人困惑的信息。
222 culinary []烹饪的;厨房的;食物的
同义词
cooking
综 用字母Q来记忆culinary。想象某个主厨有绝佳的烹饪技巧(culinary skills)能把食物煮得很Q(有弹性)。
句 He bought some mushrooms for culinary use.他买了一些香菇作为烹饪之用。
223 culpable []有罪的;该责备的
同义词
blameworthy,
guilty
综 用capable(有能力的)的词形来记忆culpable。
助 Even though you are capable of doing it, your doing nothing will make you culpable.(尽管你有能力做这件事,但是你的不作为就使得你该被责备。)
句 I think the tobacco companies are culpable if smokers develop smoking-related diseases.如果吸烟者得了与吸烟相关的疾病,我认为烟草公司是难辞其咎的。
224 cumbersome []笨重的;冗长的
同义词
awkward, bulky
形 用cucumber(小黄瓜)的部分词形来记忆cumbersome。想象一辆笨重的卡车(a cumbersome truck),上面装满了小黄瓜(loaded with cucumbers)。
句 Although the tool looks cumbersome, it is actually easy to use.虽然这个工具看起来笨重,但事实上很好用。
225 curb []控制;抑制;限制
同义词
restrict, impede,
retard
谐 谐音“克”。
句 You had better curb that temper of yours.你最好克制你那种脾气。
226 curriculum []学校的全部课程
同义词
course
源 curriculum 与 cursor 为同源词,均有词根 run(跑)。这样记:curriculum 就是每个学生都得 run 过一遍的东西。
句 Latin is still on our curriculum.拉丁语仍在本校的课程中。
227 cursory []匆忙的;粗略的
同义词
perfunctory
源 cur词根的意思是run。见过电脑屏幕上跑来跑去的光标吧,它就叫作cursor。
句 A cursory examination did not reveal any defects.粗略检查并未显露任何缺陷。
228 curt []简慢的;唐突的
同义词
abrupt, blunt
音 把curt和常用词court(法院)一起记忆。
助 He gave a curt answer in the court.(他在法院中给了一个很简慢的回答。)
句 The lady’s curt reply infuriated everyone.这位女士简慢的回答激怒了众人。
229 curtail []缩减;削减
同义词
decrease,
diminish, truncate
形 词形类似“cut切 + tail尾巴”。有些企业无法获利就是因为组织庞大,尾大不掉。这时就要断尾求生(cut tail),好好削减(curtail)预算。
句 The game was curtailed by the earthquake.这场比赛因为地震而中断。
230 cynical []愤世嫉俗的;犬儒的
同义词
unbelieving,
suspicious,
misanthropic
源 为什么这个单词的中文是译成“犬儒”呢?可能因为这个单词本身的词源与犬有关(doglike)。从 canine(犬的;犬科的)这个单词就更容易记住 cynical。
句 He has shown a cynical contempt for truth.他对于真理有一种怀疑的蔑视。
核心
words
选词填空练习
以下每个单元各有八个句子。请从下列八个选项中选出最适合者填入空格之中,使句意完整。每个选项只能用一次。
1
(A) cardiac
(B) candid
(C) capitulate
(D) caprice
(E) cantankerous
(F) calumniate (G) callous (H) cacophonous
1. If sounds are , they are loud and unpleasant.
2. A is a sudden action or an unreasonable change of mind.
3. is used to describe things relating to the heart.
4. If you , you agree to something that you have been opposing for a long time.
5. If you are , you usually say what you think honestly.
6. A person is bad-tempered and complains a lot.
7. A person is cruel and does not care that other people are suffering.
8. To someone means to make false charges against them.
2
(A) catastrophe
(B) cease
(C) chronic
(D) caricature
(E) castigate
(F) caste
(G) cartel
(H) celebrated
1. A of someone is a drawing or description of them that exaggerates their appearance or behavior.
2. A person is famous.
3. A illness lasts for a very long time.
4. A is a terrible event in which there is a lot of destruction or death.
5. If you to do something, you stop doing it.
6. A is a group of people or companies who agree to sell something at a particular price in order to prevent competition.
7. If you someone, you criticize or punish them severely.
8. A is a social class, especially one whose members do not allow others to join it.
3
(A) clamorous
(B) clique
(C) clandestine
(D) clement
(E) chronology
(F) coerce
(G) coalition
(H) circumspect
1. A is an account of events in the order in which they happened.
2. If you are , you think carefully about something before doing it, so as to avoid risk.
3. If you describe people as , you mean they are talking loudly.
4. weather is neither too hot nor too cold.
5. A is a union of two or more political parties that allows them to form a government or fight an election together.
6. If you some into doing something, you force them to do it, although they do not want to.
7. A is a small group of people who think they are special and do not want other people to join them.
8. If something is , it is kept secret.
4
(A) compatible
(B) collaborates
(C) compensate
(D) compendium
(E) commodious
(F) cohesion
(G) coincides
(H) commodity
1. To someone means to pay them money because they have suffered injury, loss, or damage.
2. A is a short but detailed collection of information.
3. If two things are , they can be used together.
4. A is a product that is bought and sold.
5. When one person with another, they work together in order to achieve something.
6. A house or room that is is very big.
7. If there is within a group, all the members of it are connected to form a united whole.
8. If one event another, they happen at the same time.
5
(A) component
(B) configuration
(C) concoct
(D) compliant
(E) concomitant
(F) confine
(G) complement
(H) complacent
1. If you are , you are pleased with yourself.
2. A person is readily acting in accordance with the wishes of others.
3. A is any of the parts that are needed for a whole.
4. If you an excuse, you make it up.
5. is used to describe something that is existing or happening together with something else.
6. A is the arrangement of various parts of something.
7. To someone is to shut or keep them in a small space.
8. A is something that makes something else perfect.
6
(A) connotation
(B) constraint
(C) conspicuous
(D) conquest
(E) considerable
(F) construe
(G) consummate
(H) consensus
1. A is a meaning suggested by a word in addition to the formal meaning of the word.
2. is the act of winning land by war.
3. A is a collective opinion among a group of people.
4. To something is to make it perfect.
5. A is something that controls what you can do.
6. If something is , people can see it very easily.
7. is used to describe things that are fairly large in amount, size, or degree.
8. To something is to place a certain meaning on it.
7
(A) contentious
(B) convivial
(C) contempt
(D) contaminated
(E) contiguous
(F) convict
(G) convey
(H) contemplate
1. If food is , it is made impure or bad by dirty matter.
2. To something is to think deeply about it.
3. If you have for someone, you think that they are of a lower rank and undesirable.
4. A person tends to argue with others.
5. If two countries are , they have a common border.
6. To something is to take it from one place to another.
7. To someone is to find them guilty of a crime.
8. is used to describe a person who is fond of eating, drinking, and good company.
8
(A) costly
(B) correspondence
(C) creditable
(D) counsel
(E) credulous
(F) crucial
(G) counterpart
(H) cosmopolitan
1. If something is , it costs a lot of money.
2. A place is full of people from many different parts of the world.
3. is advice.
4. Someone’s is another person that serves the same purpose in a different place.
5. A achievement is of a reasonably high standard.
6. If you tend to believe things without real proof, you are .
7. If something is , it is extremely important.
8. If there is a between two things, there is a close similarity between them.
9
(A) culinary
(B) cryptic
(C) curriculum
(D) culpable
(E) cursory
(F) curtail
(G) curb
(H) cumbersome
1. is used to describe things related to the kitchen or cooking.
2. If someone is , they are guilty and deserve blame.
3. Something that is is heavy and awkward to carry.
4. If you your temper, you control it.
5. A is a course of study offered in a school.
6. A examination is a brief one in which you do not pay much attention to detail.
7. To expending is to reduce or limit it.
8. If a message is , its meaning is hidden.