![机械设计手册:单行本·轴承(第六版)](https://wfqqreader-1252317822.image.myqcloud.com/cover/643/29976643/b_29976643.jpg)
4.4 典型轴承的性能曲线及计算示例
(1)径向轴承的示意图与几何关系(表8-1-106)
表8-1-106 径向轴承的示意图与几何关系
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/808488/16499785005919706/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/img00124001.jpg?sign=1739680738-icIV1PYrA1B80DMTwvaab4jliKpv1tOR-0-fad5a5f2dae5127b71a0604d6d545b79)
(2)无限宽径向轴承性能计算(表8-1-107)
表8-1-107 无限宽径向轴承性能计算(通常可将宽径比B/D>2的轴承近似看作无限宽轴承)
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/808488/16499785005919706/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/img00124002.jpg?sign=1739680738-AmOxarhB7bOAhRXGw4hS5HkLINOS0FVj-0-b67bcac87900c153ea58ca9e44bf0dea)
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/808488/16499785005919706/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/img00125001.jpg?sign=1739680738-2Z1qEybGK6zaulG2X8oDgnpMcgWTGRRw-0-ee02152f9d0913fbe4c4075d3f625386)
(3)无限窄径向轴承性能计算
表8-1-108 无限窄径向轴承性能计算(通常可将宽径比B/D<0.4的轴承近似地看作无限窄轴承)
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/808488/16499785005919706/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/img00125002.jpg?sign=1739680738-3TNBIrqFW9ky9uKCG3f6PEbO5E3BHWF3-0-fbbebe99143c31c80d34606623332efe)
注:z为轴承宽度方向的坐标,原点取在轴承宽度的中点。
(4)单油楔径向轴承的性能计算
例1 设计汽轮机转子的液体动压润滑轴承。已知:轴承直径D=30cm,载荷F=65000N,转速n=3000r/min,轴承为自动调心式,在水平中分面两侧供油,进油温度控制在40℃左右。
例题计算过程可按图8-1-18框图进行。计算结果见表8-1-109,方案1温升过高,应采用方案2。
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/808488/16499785005919706/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/img00126002.jpg?sign=1739680738-Br3phyqNdCdaF4t0DeuHV5ysV73q7wOi-0-0ffbbe125cd387753d852fef8663b02d)
图8-1-18 计算框图
表8-1-109 单油楔径向轴承性能计算
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/808488/16499785005919706/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/img00127001.jpg?sign=1739680738-jiOWDpg6SdH1XewLUke7XLCwlTHQc7vb-0-2e2073a43f1cab1b5c591208d4dcb4ee)
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/808488/16499785005919706/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/img00128001.jpg?sign=1739680738-L6Ti73yI7wsYtpkFF42VLcTyf9wrkTcY-0-4fc7eef8c4a4ce70475ffe05997249ec)
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/808488/16499785005919706/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/img00128002.jpg?sign=1739680738-2HwHZdZcVGTr02EkXtnmQe0JJCeXoK6C-0-b3b255e602c32edcba5296cc1c89c449)
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/808488/16499785005919706/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/img00129001.jpg?sign=1739680738-hwnBEUseGAHw4MAHZPU9hoZHLqjYJCTO-0-dd116c289ecbe97605de4275e760a7ae)
图8-1-19 Cp-ε(实线)、Cμ-ε(虚线)关系曲线
(5)多油楔液体动压径向轴承
1)椭圆轴承的性能计算
例2 设计汽轮机转子的椭圆轴承。已知:轴承直径D=30cm,载荷F=65000N,转速n=3000r/min;在水平中分面两侧供油,供油压力ps=10N/cm2,进油温度为40℃。
设计过程框图参见图8-1-18。计算结果见表8-1-110。
表8-1-110 椭圆轴承的性能计算
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/808488/16499785005919706/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/img00130001.jpg?sign=1739680738-hMIk4a6bF1f1LtEKfYQPOcBBrVdaF3Uh-0-c343e712fd0301803505268591668ea1)
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/808488/16499785005919706/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/img00131001.jpg?sign=1739680738-4t3W29zFPKkEz8jr9M3pTyrfKZ8QFFV2-0-9f777c5590777f63a1fba694634f8942)
图8-1-20
εi—两偏心率中的大者;—流量系数
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/808488/16499785005919706/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/img00131003.jpg?sign=1739680738-zpaR1STMsIRnPujYhwIzR1i3qjWDcHdr-0-84c3d63a5c9ea5acc8dd0cd75e9d066d)
图8-1-21 椭圆轴承的流量系数和功耗系数kN
2)可倾瓦径向轴承的性能计算
例3 计算一鼓风机的五瓦可倾瓦径向轴承。已知:轴颈直径D=80mm,转速n=11500r/mim,宽径比B/D=0.4,间隙比ψ=0.002;转子重量F=1250N。进油温度希望在40℃左右,瓦的布置如图8-1-22所示。
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/808488/16499785005919706/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/img00131005.jpg?sign=1739680738-6MrBmaV16EYzfju7zKIMYiOSKUCv2cPG-0-9332b53e972dd932e23fae04ce490cb3)
图8-1-22 例3可倾瓦径向轴承的布置
设计计算过程框图参见图8-1-18。计算结果见表8-1-111。
表8-1-111 可倾瓦径向轴承的性能计算
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/808488/16499785005919706/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/img00131006.jpg?sign=1739680738-bnYUQJCVENN3k4kyZ8i8IOrOm7KcDNPs-0-d3286a7c134e4edfa438f155a3248cc6)
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/808488/16499785005919706/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/img00132001.jpg?sign=1739680738-hcVBvBuPH7HZyqlH3uHRq3v6iPsZwcWm-0-a70bebe4ce4e5d19a881bcd83bb67fbc)
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/808488/16499785005919706/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/img00133001.jpg?sign=1739680738-Kh1g764W1BO6VFUtEB8qIf7xkYIf74bc-0-f0e1abe2e81eb40eff1cd28e8e117db8)
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/808488/16499785005919706/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/img00133002.jpg?sign=1739680738-rDKggzxPaQGaXINXq63ZCLgtPpLqJudB-0-c68a8ef82b7dc28780966eb5bad06e65)
图8-1-23 可倾瓦径向轴承的特征系数和支点位置
kF—载荷系数;kN—功耗系数;kt—温升系数;kQ—流量系数;kh—最小油膜厚度系数;B—瓦的宽度
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/808488/16499785005919706/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/img00133003.jpg?sign=1739680738-7BLiiSnAOweOgzP6mmr2Jk58VXKmuIeq-0-f80441d2ad4c5e3afe5c75f1dafe9fca)
图8-1-24 可倾瓦径向轴承的偏心率ε、系数[khh2min/c]、[Δtkkt/pm]与承载特性系数Cp的关系曲线
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/808488/16499785005919706/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/img00134001.jpg?sign=1739680738-ccnEiAprAF6yrFawUPpJKLWnYXr9sQTv-0-361e0f05dd26ed96c6e464cf3166b70d)
图8-1-25 可倾瓦径向轴承的系数、[Fmax/F]与承载系数Cp的关系曲线