摘要

本书以词学文献东传与日藏词籍为研究对象，概述词学文献东传日本的途径与历程、价值与影响，择取具有代表性的日藏词籍作为个案，对其东传历程、文献价值、对日本词学的影响等展开更为细致、全面的考索。

中国词学文献东传日本的历史十分悠久，早在平安朝初期，张志和《渔歌子》就由遣唐使以口耳相传的方式东传，引起包括嵯峨天皇在内的宫廷文人的唱和。此后，词学文献以采购、输入、翻刻、馈赠等多种途径传入日本。按照东传规模及主要传播途径的不同，可以将东传历程划分为三个阶段。平安朝至五山时代为第一阶段，零星的词学材料依附于其他典籍而东传，从事词学交流的主体为遣唐使、僧人等。由于中日词学交流长期受到冷落，日本词坛沉寂近千年。江户时代为第二阶段，词籍作为贸易书籍流播至日本。词籍的东传推动了词的传播与普及，带动了日本词学的飞跃。明治维新以后为第三阶段，词籍的东传主要依赖于藏书家、汉学家、词学家，并逐步向专业学人、藏书机构聚集，中国大部分词籍在这一时期完成了东传。词学文献东传对日本填词、日本词学产生重要影响，通过梳理二者之间的关系可以发现，每一次日本填词高潮的到来和词学观念的进步，都与东传的词学文献密切相关。

在东传的词学文献中，词籍的重要价值尤其值得关注。以书籍贸易方式东传的《词律》对日本词学产生了重要影响，标志着日本词律学独立的田能村竹田《填词图谱》以及代表日本词律学最高成就的森川竹磎《词律大成》都与《词律》紧密相关。晚清以来，随着中日国力与国际地位的变化，若干藏书家的藏书辗转至日本，其中含有珍稀词籍丛编的有陆心源、董康的藏书。皕宋楼旧藏《典雅词》已得到学界的充分研究，而诵芬室旧藏《南词》《汲古阁未刻词》无论是文献价值还是学术史意义都还值得深入探究。王国维在东渡前潜心词曲研究，他曾携带大量词曲书东渡，部分词籍几经辗转，终归日本。东洋文库所藏王国维旧藏词籍对词学及王国维研究都有重要的参照意义。在词籍的翻译方面，胡适《词选》是具有独特价值的个案。《词选》先经英语选译在欧美世界广为传播，再被转译成日语，实现了从西传再到东传的海外传播路线。这些作为个案的日藏词籍，或对日本词坛有深远影响，或本身有重要的文献价值，或对典藏者研究有参照意义，或在词的外译史上有特殊地位，从不同侧面反映了东传词学文献的研究价值。

关键词：词学文献；东传；日藏词籍；日本词学

Abstract

The book focuses on the Ci-poetry literature's eastward-spread and Cipoetry books collected in Japan, summarizing the ways, process, value, and the influence of the Ci-poetry literature's eastward-spread to Japan.On this basis, the author selects representative Ci-poetry books as individual cases,and carries out a more detailed and comprehensive research.

There is a long history of the eastward-spread of Chinese Ci-poetry literature to Japan.As early as the early period of the Heian Dynasty（平安时代）,Zhang zhihe（张志和）'s Yugezi（渔歌子）had been transmitted orally to Japan by the Japanese ambassadors to the Tang Dynasty（唐代）, arousing the“responsory”of Japanese court literati including Emperor Saga（嵯峨天皇）.From then on, Chinese Ci-poetry literature spread to Japan continually.It can be divided into four ways: purchase, input,woodblock-reprint and presentation.According to its scale and differences of the main way, the processes of eastward-spread can be divided into three periods.The period from Heian Dynasty to Five-mountain Period （五山时代）was the first period,sporadic Ci-poetry literature was mainly attached to other books and spread to Japan.Most of the scholars engaged in Ci-poetry communication were ambassadors and monks, who were not famous as Ci-poetry scholar.The decline of Japanese Ci-poetry writing and criticism is closely related to the long neglected Ci-poetry communication between China and Japan.Edo period（江户时代）is the second period，The books spread to Japan as a trade commodity.The eastward-spread of Ci-poetry books expanded the spread of Ci-poetry in Japan and promoted the leap of Japanese Ci-poetry study.After Meiji Restoration（明治维新）, it was the third period.The Ci-poetry literature's eastward-spread mainly depended on bibliographers, sinologists and Ci-poetry scholars.Most Chinese Ci-poetry books completed the eastward-spread in this period.It is worth noting that there was also Ci-poetry books' westward-spread to China in this period.Through combing the history of the spread of Cipoetry literature to Japan and analyzing the influence of the communication between China and Japan,it can be found that the arrival of the high tide of Japanese Ci-poetry writing and the progress of the concept of Ci-poetry were closely related to the eastward-spread Ci-poetry literature.

Among the Ci-poetry literature, the great value of Ci-poetry books especially deserves to be focused.Wanshu（万树）'s Cilü（词律）spread to Japan by the book trade,and it had a far-reaching influence on Japanese Ci-poetry.Tiancitupu（填词图谱）by Chikuden Tanomura（田能村竹田）was an independent symbol, it was not until the eastward-spread of Cilü that the Japanese Ci-poetry study became independent from the poetics.Japanese Ci-poetry scholar Chikukei Morikawa（森川竹磎）finished Cilüdacheng（词律大成）which was more complete than Cilü.It fully showed the highest achievement of Japanese Ci-poetry study.Since the late Qing Dynasty（晚清）,with the changes in the international status of China and Japan, many book collectors sold their collections to Japan, such as Lu Xinyuan（陆心源）and DongKang（董康）.Dianya Ci（典雅词）was collected in BI SONG LOU（皕宋楼）, which had been fully researched.However, Nanci（南词）and Jigugeweikeci（汲古阁未刻词）which was collected by SONG FEN SHI（诵芬室）were well worth researching.Before he went to Japan, Wang Guowei（王国维）devoted himself to the study of Ci-poetry and Qu（曲）.He once carried a large number of Ci-poetry books to Japan.Part of these books were finally collected in Japan.The collection of Wang Guowei's Ci-poetry books in Toyo Bunko（东洋文库）was a great help to the study of Ci-poetry and Wang guowei.CiXuan（词选）had been translated into English which was widely disseminated in Europe and the United States, and then translated into Japanese from English.These Ci-poetry books,either have a profound impact on Japanese Ci-poetry,or have important literature value,or assist the study of the collectors,or have a special position in the history of the foreign translation of Ci-poetry.It reflects the research value of the eastward-spread Ci-poetry literature from different aspects.

Key words: Ci-poetry literature; Eastward-spread; Japanese Ci-poetry study;Ci-poetry books collected in Japan