摘要

摘要：消除贫困、改善民生、逐步实现共同富裕，是社会主义的本质要求，也是中国共产党的重要使命。党的十八大以来，为确保到2020年所有贫困地区和贫困人口一同迈入小康社会，中国动员全党全国全社会力量，向告别绝对贫困发起总攻。作为新时代中国脱贫攻坚主战场之一的秦巴山集中连片特殊困难地区（简称秦巴山区）在继承发展马克思主义反贫困思想的基础上，通过实施精准扶贫、精准脱贫基本方略，积极探索脱贫攻坚的有效实现路径，为稳定脱贫和质量脱贫做出了应有的努力和贡献。秦巴山区在脱贫攻坚进程中，通过因地制宜地发展特色产业，有效带动和实现山区贫困群众的增收致富；通过精准搬迁、精确实施和精细管理，确保搬迁群众“搬得出、稳得住、有就业、逐步能致富”，解决了“一方水土养不起一方人”的难题；通过坚持扶贫与扶志、扶智相结合，充分调动贫困地区和贫困人口的积极性，有效激发脱贫内生动力，切实阻断贫困代际传递，确保了贫困地区和贫困群众的脱贫质量；通过认真践行“绿水青山就是金山银山”的理念，秦巴山区充分利用当地生态资源并发挥生态优势，以生态保护和治理促进区域经济可持续发展，走出了一条具有地方特色的“生态脱贫之路”。与此同时，党政军机关、企事业单位开展定点扶贫，是中国特色扶贫开发事业的重要组成部分；陕西省丹凤县在中国社会科学院的帮助下，积极探索深度贫困地区脱贫攻坚的有效实现方式，为如期高质量打赢脱贫攻坚战贡献了“丹凤力量”。秦巴山区脱贫实践和成效是中国摆脱绝对贫困的一个缩影。新时代中国脱贫攻坚经验反映了时代发展的趋势，具有先进性；它的特点和机制具有可推广性。在告别绝对贫困之后，中国将致力于解决相对贫困问题并实施乡村振兴战略，确保脱贫攻坚成果经得起历史和人民的检验。

关键词：秦巴山区；脱贫攻坚；贫困治理；精准扶贫；精准脱贫

Abstract：Eradicating poverty，improving people's lives and gradually achieving common prosperity are the essential requirements of socialism and the important mission of the Communist Party of China.Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China，in order to ensure that all poverty areas and the poor will synchronize into an all-round moderately prosperous society in 2020，China mobilized the power of whole party，country and society to launched a general attack to bid farewell to absolute poverty.As one of the major battle site for poverty alleviation in China in the new era，on the basis of inheriting and developing Marxist anti-poverty thought，Qinba Mountain contiguous area with acute difficulties（henceforth referred to as Qinba Mountainous Area）actively explored the effective way to realize poverty alleviation through the implementation of the basic strategies of targeted poverty alleviation which made efforts and contributions for the stabilization and quality of poverty alleviation.In the process of poverty alleviation in Qinba Mountainous Area，through developing characteristic industries according to local conditions，Qinba Mountainous Area effectively promoted and realized the income increase of the poor in mountainous area.Through precise relocation，accurate policy and refined management，the relocated are ensured“moving out，maintaining stability，obtaining employment and can gradually getting rich”and the problem of“The unique features of a local environment can not give special characteristics to its inhabitants.”are solved.Through insisting on the combination of poverty alleviation，attitude change and education support and fully mobilizing the enthusiasm of poverty areas and the poor，Qinba Mountainous Area effectively stimulated the endogenous impetus of the poor，block the inter-generational transmission of poverty and ensure the quality of poverty alleviation.Through conscientiously prac ticing the conviction that“lucid waters and lush mountains are invaluable assets”，Qinba Mountainous Area made full use of local ecological resources，exerted ecological advantages，promoted the sustainable development of regional economy by ecological protection and governance and formed“The ecological road out of poverty”which full of local characteristics.At the same time，party，government，army institutions and enterprises began to take part in targeted poverty alleviation，which is an important part of poverty alleviation with Chinese characteristics.In Shanxi Province，with the help of the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences，Danfeng County actively explored the effective way to realize poverty alleviation in deep poverty areas，which contributed the“Danfeng Power”for winning the poverty alleviation battle in high-quality.The practice and effectiveness of poverty alleviation in Qinba Mountainous Area is a microcosm of Chinese practice to get rid of absolute poverty.In the new era，Chinese experience in poverty alleviation reflected the development trend of the times and it is advanced.Besides，its characteristics and mechanisms are propagable.After bidding farewell to absolute poverty，China will dedicated to solving the problem of relative poverty and implementing the strategy of rural revitalization to ensure the results of poverty alleviation can stand up to the test of history and people.

Key words：Qinba Mountainous Area，Poverty Alleviation，Poverty Governance，Targeted Poverty Reduction，Targeted Poverty Eliminati