Classes and structures

Classes and structures are general-purpose, flexible constructs that become the building blocks of a program's code. They have the following features:

• Properties can be defined to store values
• Methods can be defined to provide functionality
• Subscripts can be defined to provide access to their values using subscript syntax
• Initializers can be defined to set up their functionality beyond a default implementation
• They can conform to protocols to provide standard functionality of certain kinds