Java Data Science Cookbook
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Preface

Data science is a popular field for specialization nowadays and covers the broad spectrum of artificial intelligence, such as data processing, information retrieval, machine learning, natural language processing, big data, deep neural networks, and data visualization. In this book, we will understand the techniques that are both modern and smart and presented as easy-to-follow recipes for over 70 problems.

Keeping in mind the high demand for quality data scientists, we have compiled recipes using core Java as well as well-known, classic, and state-of-the-art data science libraries written in Java. We start with the data collection and cleaning process. Then we see how the obtained data can be indexed and searched. Afterwards, we cover statistics both descriptive and inferential and their application to data. Then, we have two back-to-back chapters on the application of machine learning on data that can be foundation for building any smart system. Modern information retrieval and natural language processing techniques are also covered. Big data is an emerging field, and a few aspects of this popular field are also covered. We also cover the very basics of deep learning using deep neural networks. Finally, we learn how to represent data and information obtained from data using meaningful visuals or graphs.

The book is aimed at anyone who has an interest in data science and plans to apply data science using Java to understand underlying data better.

What this book covers

Chapter 1, Obtaining and Cleaning Data, covers different ways to read and write data as well as to clean it to get rid of noise. It also familiarizes the readers with different data file types, such as PDF, ASCII, CSV, TSV, XML, and JSON. The chapter also covers recipes for extracting web data.

Chapter 2, Indexing and Searching Data, covers how to index data for fast searching using Apache Lucene. The techniques described in this chapter can be seen as the basis for modern-day search techniques.

Chapter 3, Analyzing Data Statistically, covers the application of Apache Math API to collect and analyze statistics from data. The chapter also covers higher level concepts such as the statistical significance test, which is the standard tool for researchers when they compare their results with benchmarks.

Chapter 4, Learning from Data - Part 1, covers basic classification, clustering, and feature selection exercises using the Weka machine learning Workbench.

Chapter 5, Learning from Data - Part 2, is a follow-up chapter that covers data import and export, classification, and feature selection using another Java library named the Java Machine Learning (Java-ML) Library. The chapter also covers basic classification with the Stanford Classifier and Massive Online Access (MOA).

Chapter 6, Retrieving Information from Text Data, covers the application of data science to text data for information retrieval. It covers the application of core Java as well as popular libraries such as OpenNLP, Stanford CoreNLP, Mallet, and Weka for the application of machine learning to information extraction and retrieval tasks.

Chapter 7, Handling Big Data, covers the application of big data platforms for machine learning, such as Apache Mahout and Spark-MLib.

Chapter 8, Learn Deeply from Data, covers the very basics of deep learning using the Deep Learning for Java (DL4j) library. We cover the word2vec algorithm, belief networks, and auto-encoders.

Chapter 9, Visualizing Data, covers the GRAL package to generate an appealing and informative display based on data. Among the many functionalities of the package, fundamental and basic plots have been selected.

What you need for this book

We have used Java to solve real-world data science problems. Our focus was to deliver content that can be effective for anyone who wants to know how to solve problems with Java. A minimum knowledge of Java is required, such as classes, objects, methods, arguments and parameters, exceptions, and exporting Java Archive (JAR) files. The code is well supported with narrations, information, and tips to help the readers understand the context and purpose. The theories behind the problems solved in this book, on many occasions, are not thoroughly discussed, but references for interested readers are provided whenever necessary.

Who this book is for

The book is for anyone who wants to know how to solve real-world problems related to data science using Java. The book, as it is very comprehensive in terms of coverage, can also be very useful for practitioners already engaged with data science and looking for solving issues in their projects using Java.

Sections

In this book, you will find several headings that appear frequently (Getting ready, How to do it..., How it works..., There's more..., and See also).

To give clear instructions on how to complete a recipe, we use these sections as follows:

Getting ready

This section tells you what to expect in the recipe, and describes how to set up any software or any preliminary settings required for the recipe.

How to do it...

This section contains the steps required to follow the recipe.

How it works...

This section usually consists of a detailed explanation of what happened in the previous section.

There's more...

This section consists of additional information about the recipe in order to make the reader more knowledgeable about the recipe.

See also

This section provides helpful links to other useful information for the recipe.

Conventions

In this book, you will find a number of text styles that distinguish between different kinds of information. Here are some examples of these styles and an explanation of their meaning.

Code words in text, database table names, folder names, filenames, file extensions, pathnames, dummy URLs, user input, and Twitter handles are shown as follows: "Among them, you will find a folder named lib, which is the folder of interest."

A block of code is set as follows:

    classVals = new ArrayList<String>(); 
      for (int i = 0; i < 5; i++){ 
        classVals.add("class" + (i + 1)); 
    }

Any command-line input or output is written as follows:

@relation MyRelation @attribute age numeric @attribute name string @attribute dob date yyyy-MM-dd @attribute class {class1,class2,class3,class4,class5} @data 35,'John Doe',1981-01-20,class3 30,'Harry Potter',1986-07-05,class1

New terms and important words are shown in bold. Words that you see on the screen, for example, in menus or dialog boxes, appear in the text like this: "Select System info from the Administration panel."

Note

Warnings or important notes appear in a box like this.

Tip

Tips and tricks appear like this.

Reader feedback

Feedback from our readers is always welcome. Let us know what you think about this book-what you liked or disliked. Reader feedback is important for us as it helps us develop titles that you will really get the most out of.

To send us general feedback, simply e-mail feedback@packtpub.com, and mention the book's title in the subject of your message.

If there is a topic that you have expertise in and you are interested in either writing or contributing to a book, see our author guide at www.packtpub.com/authors .

Customer support

Now that you are the proud owner of a Packt book, we have a number of things to help you to get the most from your purchase.

Downloading the example code

You can download the example code files for this book from your account at http://www.packtpub.com. If you purchased this book elsewhere, you can visit http://www.packtpub.com/support  and register to have the files e-mailed directly to you.

You can download the code files by following these steps:

  1. Log in or register to our website using your e-mail address and password.
  2. Hover the mouse pointer on the SUPPORT tab at the top.
  3. Click on Code Downloads & Errata.
  4. Enter the name of the book in the Search box.
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You can also download the code files by clicking on the Code Files button on the book's webpage at the Packt Publishing website. This page can be accessed by entering the book's name in the Search box. Please note that you need to be logged in to your Packt account.

Once the file is downloaded, please make sure that you unzip or extract the folder using the latest version of:

  • WinRAR / 7-Zip for Windows
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The code bundle for the book is also hosted on GitHub at https://github.com/PacktPublishing/Java-Data-Science-Cookbook. We also have other code bundles from our rich catalog of books and videos available at https://github.com/PacktPublishing/ . Check them out!

Downloading the color images of this book 

We also provide you with a PDF file that has color images of the screenshots/diagrams used in this book. The color images will help you better understand the changes in the output. You can download this file from https://www.packtpub.com/sites/default/files/downloads/JavaDataScienceCookbook_ColorImages.pdf.

Errata

Although we have taken every care to ensure the accuracy of our content, mistakes do happen. If you find a mistake in one of our books-maybe a mistake in the text or the code-we would be grateful if you could report this to us. By doing so, you can save other readers from frustration and help us improve subsequent versions of this book. If you find any errata, please report them by visiting http://www.packtpub.com/submit-errata, selecting your book, clicking on the Errata Submission Form link, and entering the details of your errata. Once your errata are verified, your submission will be accepted and the errata will be uploaded to our website or added to any list of existing errata under the Errata section of that title.

To view the previously submitted errata, go to https://www.packtpub.com/books/content/support and enter the name of the book in the search field. The required information will appear under the Errata section.

Piracy

Piracy of copyrighted material on the Internet is an ongoing problem across all media. At Packt, we take the protection of our copyright and licenses very seriously. If you come across any illegal copies of our works in any form on the Internet, please provide us with the location address or website name immediately so that we can pursue a remedy.

Please contact us at copyright@packtpub.com with a link to the suspected pirated material.

We appreciate your help in protecting our authors and our ability to bring you valuable content.

Questions

If you have a problem with any aspect of this book, you can contact us at questions@packtpub.com, and we will do our best to address the problem.

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