国际课程化学核心词汇
上QQ阅读APP看书,第一时间看更新

A

扫一扫听本节音频

001 abbreviation/əˌbriːviˈeɪʃn/ n.缩写,缩略语

5频

the abbreviation of/for sth.……的缩写

pH is a French abbreviation to describe the hydrogen ion concentration of a solution. pH是法语缩写,用于描述溶液中氢离子的浓度。

002 absence/ˈæbsəns/ n.缺乏,不存在;缺席

18频

absence from work工作缺勤

If ammonium cyanate is heated in the absence of air, the only product of the reaction is urea, CO(NH2)2.在没有空气的情况下加热氰酸铵,该反应的唯一产物为尿素CO(NH2)2

003 absorb/əbˈzɔːb/ vt.吸收(液体、光、热等);理解,掌握

18频

absorb heat吸热

The water will slowly absorb oxygen and other gases from the atmosphere.水会慢慢地从大气中吸收氧气和其他气体。

004 accept/əkˈsept/ v.接受;相信(某事属实)

16频

accept one's apology接受道歉

Ammonium ions are basic because they can accept H+ions.铵离子是碱性的,因为它可以接受氢离子。

005 accuracy/ˈækjərəsi/ n.准确(性),精确(程度)

49频

speed accuracy速精度

Suggest two ways to improve the accuracy of the results of these experiments.请举出两种提高这些实验结果准确性的方法。

006 accurate/ˈækjərət/ adj.精确的,准确的

303频

accurate description精确的描述

Assume that the balance is accurate to two decimal places and that common laboratory apparatus is available.假设天平精确到百分位,且实验室常用仪器可用。

007 achieve/əˈtʃiːv/ v.取得,达到(某目标、地位、标准);成功

7频

achieve success取得成功

Suggest which part of the experimental procedure would make it difficult to achieve accurate results.请指出该实验步骤中哪一部分会导致实验难以取得准确结果。

008 active/ˈæktɪv/ adj.活性的;起作用的;积极的n. (语法中的)主动语态

17频

active carbon活性碳

A sun protection cream contains ester as its active ingredient.防晒霜含有作为活性成分的酯类化合物。

009 additional/əˈdɪʃənl/ adj.附加的,额外的

438频

additional materials附加材料

The Institute consists of five scientific departments and additional research groups.该研究所由五个科学部门和附加的研究小组组成。

010 additive/ˈædətɪv/ n.添加剂,添加物

5频

additive-free不含添加剂的

Food additives are substances added to food to preserve the flavour or to improve its taste and appearance.食品添加剂是为保持或改善食品色、香、味而添加到食品中的物质。

011 adequate/ˈædɪkwət/ adj.充分的;合格的;合乎需要的

1频

adequate supply充足的供应

Invert tube at least 8 times to ensure adequate mixing.将试管倒置8次,以确保充分混合。

012 adhesive/ədˈhiːsɪv/ n.黏合剂

adj.黏合的;有附着力的

5频

strong adhesive强力胶

Proper selection of flexible packaging adhesives challenges the industry.选择恰当的软包装胶粘剂对整个行业而言是一种挑战。

013 adjacent/əˈdʒeɪsnt/ adj.相邻的

15频

be adjacent to sth.与……相邻

Which types of intermolecular forces can exist between adjacent urea molecules?哪些类型的分子间力可以存在于相邻的尿素分子之间?

014 adjust/əˈdʒʌst/ v.调节,调整;适应

1频

adjust the volume调节音量

例 Adjust the temperature of about 500ml of distilled water to 25℃.将约500毫升蒸馏水的温度调节至25℃。

015 adsorb/ədˈzɔːb/ vt.吸附(液体、气体等)

3频

adsorb carbon dioxide吸附二氧化碳

The unwanted material is adsorbed onto the surface of the precipitate.不需要的物质被吸附到沉淀物的表面。

016 advance/ədˈvɑːns/ n.进展;预付款

adj.预先的

2频

in advance提前

Hydrogen fuel cells have been suggested as the next major advance in electrically powered vehicles.氢燃料电池被认为是电动汽车领域的下一重大进展。

017 advantage/ədˈvɑːntɪdʒ/ n. 优点;优势,有利因素

v.有利于;获刑

20频

have an advantage over sb.比某人有优势

State and explain one advantage and one disadvantage of using a higher temperature.请指出并解释使用较高温度的一个优点和一个缺点。

018 advise/ədˈvaɪz/ v.建议;提供咨询;通知

7频

advise sb. against sth.建议某人不要做某事

People are advised to eat less than 6.00g of salt (sodium chloride) per day for health reasons.为了健康,建议人们每天食用的盐(氯化钠)少于6克。

019 affect/əˈfekt/ vt.影响;使感染(疾病);(感情上)深深打动

14频

be affected by sth.被某事影响

Changing the temperature affects both the rate of decomposition of HBr and the percentage that decomposes.改变温度会影响氢溴酸的分解速率和分解百分比。

020 align/əˈlaɪn/ v.排整齐;使成一条直线;使一致

1频

align A with B使A和B排列整齐

These interactions align the molecules to increase the attraction.这些相互作用使分子排列整齐,增加引力。

021 alter/ˈɔːltə(r)/ v.改变,修改

1频

alter the method改变方法

Chemical polishing alter a metal's surface through one or more chemical solutions.化学抛光通过一种或多种化学溶液改变金属的表面。

022 amends/əˈmendz/ n.赔罪,赔偿

271频

make amends to sb. for sth.因某事向某人赔罪

Nasdaq tries to make amends for Facebook problems this Wednesday.纳斯达克想在本周三就Facebook问题进行赔罪。

023 amount/əˈmaʊnt/ n.总量,总额

vi.合计,共计

288频

a large amount of...大量……

The amount of liquid fuel put into the spirit burner would need to be controlled.需要控制放入酒精灯的液体燃料总量。

024 analysis/əˈnæləsɪs/ n.分析

442频

qualitative/quantitative analysis定性/定量分析

Titration is a method of quantitative analysis using solutions. 滴定是一种利用溶液进行定量分析的方法。

025 analytical/ˌænəˈlɪtɪkl/ adj.分析的

14频

a clear analytical mind头脑清晰,善于分析

A range of modern analytical techniques has made the identification of molecules much more rapid than traditional laboratory analysis.一系列现代分析技术使得分子的鉴定比传统的实验室分析快得多。

026 angle/ˈæŋɡl/ n.角;角度,观点

v.斜置

110频

the angle of rotation旋转角度

In which hydride is the H-X-H bond angle the smallest? 以下哪种氢化物中的H-X-H键角最小?

027 anomalous/əˈnɒmələs/ adj.异常的,反常的

46频

anomalous property异常性质

Circle the most anomalous point on the graph.圈出图表中最异常的点。

028 apparatus/ˌæpəˈreɪtəs/ n.仪器;机构;器官

154频

laboratory apparatus实验室仪器

A fully automatic apparatus is needed for this chemical reaction.该化学反应需要一个全自动的仪器。

029 appear/əˈpɪə(r)/ vi.出现,呈现;似乎

7频

arise

appear to be...看起来似乎……

A brown vapour appears in one of the test tubes.其中一个试管中出现了一种棕色的蒸气。

030 approach/əˈprəʊtʃ/ v. (在数额、水平或质量上)接近;

n.方式,态度

7频

approach ideal behaviour接近理想状态

Non-ideal gases approach ideal behaviour at a high temperature and low pressure.非理想气体在高温低压下可以接近理想状态。

031 appropriate/əˈprəʊpriət/ adj.合适的

/əˈprəʊpreɪt/ vt.挪用,侵吞

761频

be appropriate for/to sth.适合某事

Use of the Data Booklet may be appropriate for some questions.对于某些问题,可以使用《数据手册》。

032 arise/əˈraɪz/ vi.产生,发生;出现

4频

appear

arise out of/from sth.产生于……

Fumes arise from the heating of solids such as lead.烟是在加热诸如铅这样的固体的过程中产生的。

033 arrangement/əˈreɪndʒmənt/ n.排列;安排;约定

3频

three-dimensional arrangement三维排列

The regular arrangement of the atoms gives diamond a crystalline structure.原子的规则排列使金刚石具有晶体结构。

034 arrow/ˈærəʊ/ n.箭头,箭号;箭

74频

a bow and arrow弓箭

A curly arrow is an arrow that shows the movement of electrons in organic chemistry.弯箭头在有机化学中表示电子的转移。

035 artificially/ˌɑːtɪˈfɪʃəli/ adv.人工地,人造地,人为地

8频

be artificially made人工制造

The protective layer of oxide that covers the surface of aluminium can be artificially thickened by anodising. 覆盖在铝表面的氧化物保护层可以通过阳极氧化进行人工加厚。

036 ascending/əˈsendɪŋ/ adj.向上的,上升的

2频

ascending motion上升运动

Please rank the results in ascending order.请将结果按由低到高的顺序进行排列。

037 assessment/əˈsesmənt/ n.评估;考核;看法

596频

a detailed assessment详细评估

Self-assessment enables students to take ownership of their learning by judging the extent of their knowledge and understanding.自我评估可以帮助学生通过判断自己对知识的理解和掌握程度来把握自己的学习进度。

038 assignment/əˈsaɪnmənt/ n.任务,工作;(工作等的)布置

185频

written assignment书面作业

Doing experiments is a tough assignment for beginners.做实验对初学者而言是一项艰巨的任务。

039 assumption/əˈsʌmpʃn/ n.假设;(责任的)承担;(权利的)获得

6频

make an assumption做出假设

State two assumptions of the kinetic theory of gases.请陈述气体分子运动论的两个假设。

040 attach/əˈtætʃ/ v.附上,贴上

17频

attach A to B把A附到B上

The carbon atom with the four different groups attached is called the chiral centre of the molecule.带有四个不同基团的碳原子称为分子的手性中心。

041 attack/əˈtæk/ v. (疾病、化学药品、昆虫等)攻击,侵蚀;指责

n.进攻

38频

be attacked by sth.受到……侵蚀或攻击

If a metal is reactive, its surface may be attacked by air, water or other substances around it.如果一种金属是活性的,其表面容易受到空气、水或周围其他物质的侵蚀。

042 attempt/əˈtempt/ vt.&n.尝试;企图;努力

2频

attempt to do sth.试图做某事

No additional tests for ions present should be attempted.不应试图对现有离子进行其他测试。

043 attract/əˈtrækt/ v.吸引;引起(反应);招引

11频

attract A to B吸引A注意B

Molecules of P attract each other by hydrogen bonds. P的分子通过氢键相互吸引。

044 axis/ˈæksɪs/ n.坐标轴;对称中心线

75频

vertical/horizontal axis纵/横坐标轴

On the energy axis, mark the position of the activation energy of the reaction when a catalyst is used.在能量轴上标记使用催化剂时反应活化能的位置。