08 印度暂停疫苗出口影响数十国家
在第二波新冠疫情加速蔓延的背景下，印度寻求优先为本国公民接种，但此举将直接影响全球新冠疫苗获取机制（COVAX）。
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全文共597个词，by Stephanie Findlay, Michael Peel, Donato Paolo Mancini in New Delhi, in Brussels, in Rome
India, one of the world’s biggest vaccine producers, has imposed a de facto ban on jab exports as it seeks to prioritise local vaccinations amid an accelerating second wave of coronavirus infections.
世界上最大疫苗生产国之一印度已颁布事实上的疫苗出口禁令。在第二波新冠疫情加速蔓延的背景下，该国寻求优先为本国公民接种。
The Serum Institute of India, the largest manufacturer of vaccines in the world and the biggest supplier to the international Covax programme, said it had been told to halt exports and that the measures could last as long as “two to three months”.
印度血清研究所（Serum Institute of India）是世界最大疫苗生产商，也是国际“全球新冠疫苗获取机制”（COVAX）计划的最大供应商。该所表示，其已被告知暂停出口，而且此举可能会持续“两至三个月”。
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Gavi, the UN-backed international vaccine alliance, immediately warned that the controls would have a direct impact on the Covax scheme, set up with the World Health Organisation to ensure the equitable global distribution of at least 2bn Covid-19 vaccine doses in 2021.
联合国支持的全球疫苗免疫联盟（GAVI）立即警告称，这类管制措施将直接影响其与世界卫生组织（WHO）联手建立的COVAX计划。该计划旨在确保2021年至少在全球公平分配20亿剂新型冠状病毒肺炎（COVID-19，即2019冠状病毒病）疫苗。
“Deliveries of Covid-19 vaccines to lower-income economies participating in the Covax facility will face delays following a setback in securing export licences for further doses...produced by the Serum Institute of India （SII） expected to be shipped in March and April,” Gavi said in a statement on Thursday.
“鉴于在为印度血清研究所生产、预期3月和4月发货的更多剂疫苗申请出口许可方面遭遇挫折，向参加COVAX计划的低收入经济体交付COVID-19疫苗的工作面临延误，”GAVI周四在一份声明中表示。
The Serum Institute is contracted to manufacture 550m Oxford/AstraZeneca vaccine doses and 550m Novavax vaccine doses for Covax in 2021 and 2022, more than 80 per cent of the facility’s current signed contracts, according to data from the start of March.
根据3月初的数据，印度血清研究所已签订合同，在2021年和2022年为COVAX计划生产5.5亿剂牛津（Oxford）/阿斯利康（AstraZeneca）疫苗和5.5亿剂诺瓦瓦克斯（Novavax）疫苗，占该计划迄今已签订合同的80%以上。
AstraZeneca, Novavax and the WHO did not immediately respond to requests for comment. India's foreign ministry declined to comment.
阿斯利康、诺瓦瓦克斯和世卫组织没有立即回应记者的置评请求。印度外交部拒绝置评。
News of the controls came as EU leaders prepared for talks later on Thursday on proposed export curbs in Europe as the bloc attempts to make up for a large shortfall in deliveries of the AstraZeneca vaccine to member states.
印度采取管制措施的消息出炉之际，欧盟领导人准备在周四晚些时候开会，讨论欧洲拟议中的限制出口措施。欧盟正试图填补各成员国在实际收到的阿斯利康疫苗数量上的巨大缺口。
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India is experiencing a sharp rise in new coronavirus cases and is preparing to expand its vaccination campaign to people aged 45 and above on April 1.
新增新冠病例急剧增加的印度，正准备在4月1日将其疫苗接种对象扩大到45岁及以上人群。
Experts said officials were waiting to assess demand for vaccinations in the next stage of the rollout before clearing export shipments.
专家们表示，官员们准备先评估国内接种工作的下一阶段对疫苗的需求，然后再发放出口许可。
“Everything other than India is on hold for the time being; India is the priority,” said a person briefed on the vaccine export talks.
“除了印度本身的需要以外，其他事情目前都被暂时搁置；印度优先，”听取了疫苗出口商讨简报的一名人士表示。
Bharat Biotech, the only other company whose vaccine has been approved for use in India, declined to comment.
巴拉特生物技术（Bharat Biotech）是唯一另一家有疫苗产品获准在印度使用的公司。该公司拒绝置评。
India has exported 60m vaccines to countries around the world — more than it has given to its own people — and some states, including the eastern state of Odisha, have reported that they are running low on vaccine stocks.
印度已向世界各国出口6000万剂疫苗，超过其迄今为本国公民接种的数量。一些邦——包括东部的奥里萨邦（Odisha）——报告它们的疫苗库存量很低。
The country of 1.4bn people on Thursday reported 53,000 new infections in the past 24 hours, the highest number since October.
周四，这个拥有14亿人口的国家报告过去24小时新增5.3万例新冠病例，这是自去年10月以来的最高数字。