01 Old Man and Sea 老人与海
The shark swung over and the old man saw his eye was not alive and then he swung over once again, wrapping himself in two loops of the rope. The old man knew that he was dead but the shark would not accept it. Then, on his back, with his tail lashing and his jaws clicking, the shark plowed over the water as a speed-boat does. The water was white where his tail beat it and three-quarters of his body was clear above the water when the rope came taut, shivered, and then snapped. The shark lay quietly for a little while on the surface and the old man watched him. Then he went down very slowly.
鲨鱼翻了个身，老人发现他的眼睛已无生气；接着它又翻了个身，这样一来它把自己缠了两圈绳子。老人知道这鲨鱼快死了，但它还是不肯认输。接下来，它肚皮朝上，尾巴扑打着海面、双颚嘎吱作响，像一条快艇般在水面上划出一道痕迹。它的尾巴把水拍打得泛出白色，四分之三的身体露出水面，这时绳子绷得很紧，颤抖着，最后啪的一声断了。老人盯着鲨鱼，它在水面上静静地躺了片刻，然后慢慢地沉了下去。
“He took about forty pounds,” the old man said aloud. He took my harpoon too and all the rope, he thought, and now my fish bleeds again and there will be others.
“它扯去了大约四十磅肉，”老人大声地说着。“它还带走了我的鱼叉及所有的绳子，”他心想，“而且现在这条鱼又在流血，还会来其他鲨鱼的。”
He did not like to look at the fish anymore since he had been mutilated. When the fish had been hit it was as though he himself were hit.
他不想再看一眼这条鱼，因为它已经残缺不全了。鱼遭到袭击的时候，他感到就像自己受到袭击一样。
But I killed the shark that hit my fish, he thought. And he was the biggest dentuso that I have ever seen. And God knows that I have seen big ones.
但是，袭击鱼的鲨鱼被我杀死了，他这样想着。它是我见过的最大的灰鲭鲨。上天作证，我也见过一些大的。
It was too good to last, he thought. I wish it had been a dream now and that I had never hooked the fish and was alone in bed on the newspapers.
美好的事物持续的时间都不长，他想着。现在，我只希望这是一场梦，我根本没有钓到这条鱼，而是正独自躺在铺着旧报纸的床上。
“But man is not made for defeat,” he said.“A man can be destroyed but not defeated.” I am sorry that I killed the fish though, he thought. Now the bad time is coming and I do not even have the harpoon. The dentuso is cruel and able and strong and intelligent. But I was more intelligent than he was. Perhaps not, he thought. Perhaps I was only better armed.
“但人不是生来就要被打败的，”他说道，“人可以被摧毁，但不可以被击败。”“虽然我很抱歉杀了这条大鱼。”他这样想着。他想：现在糟糕的时刻要到了，我甚至连鱼叉也没有。灰鲭鲨残忍、能干、强壮又聪明。但是我比它更聪明，或许并没有。他想，也许只是我的武器比较好。
注释：dentuso西班牙语，意为“锋利的”，是当地对灰鲭鲨的俗称。
单词解析 Word Analysis
swing[swiŋ]v.突然转向
例 He swung the camera around to face the opposite direction.
他突然将相机调至反方向。
lash[læʃ]v.鞭打，猛打
例 Huge waves lashed the shore.
巨浪拍打着海岸。
jaw[dʒɔː]n.下巴，颌
例 The punch broke my jaw.
这一拳打坏了我的下巴。
plow[plau]v.耕地；费力穿过
例 Who will milk the cow and plow the land?
谁能挤牛奶并耕田呀？
taut[tɔːt]adj.紧的，绷紧的
例 The skin of the drum is taut.
鼓面很紧。
snap[snæp]v.（咔嚓）断掉，断裂
例 The wind snapped the tree in two.
风把树折成了两段。
harpoon[haːpuːn]n.鱼叉
例 The harpoon drove deep into the body of the whale.
鱼叉深深地刺进鲸的体内。
mutilate[ˈmjuːtileit]v.使残废，使残缺不全；严重损坏
例 Intruders slashed and mutilated some paintings.
有人闯进来，破坏了几幅油画。
hook[huk]v.钩住，钓住
例 It was the biggest sardine I ever hooked.
那是我钓到的最大一条沙丁鱼。
语法知识点 Grammar Points
“With his tail lashing and his jaws clicking”作伴随状语，表状态，相当于“那时，它的尾巴击打着海面，它的双颚嘎吱作响”。整句话的主语是“the shark”，谓语动词为“plowed”。
相似用法：He felt more uneasy with the whole class staring at him.
在全班同学的注视下，他感到更加不自然。
在上面的例句中，主语是“he”，谓语动词为“felt”。
“plow”本意是耕种，耕田。在这里涉及了一个修辞手法：隐喻。暗指鲨鱼划过海面的痕迹就像耕地的痕迹一样。这样的描写更加生动形象。相似用法如：“Snow clothes the ground.”，地上覆盖了薄薄的一层雪。
本句中涉及了wish引导的虚拟语气：主语+wish（that）+从句主语+would/could have或had+过去分词，用于对过去的事情表示遗憾或后悔。
be made for “最理想的，最适合的”。如：“Allowance should be made for the difficulties of his problems.”应当体谅他的艰难处境。
经典名句 Famous Classics
1. A child is better unborn than untaught.
养不教，父之过。
2. None is so old that he hopes not for years of life.
人活百岁不嫌长。
3. Practice makes perfect.
熟能生巧。
4. Poverty is the mother of all arts.
贫穷是一切艺术之母。
5. Nothing is ever done in a hurry.
匆匆忙忙办不成任何事。
6. Practice is better than precept.
身教胜于言教。
7. Nothing stake, nothing draw.
不入虎穴焉得虎子。
8. A clear conscience is a sure card.
光明磊落，胜券在握。