07 Friedrich Nietzsche to Richard Wagner弗里德里希·尼采致理查德·瓦格纳
In sending you this book,I place my secret in the hands of you and your noble wife with the greatest confidence and assume that is now your secret.I wrote this book；in it I have revealed my innermost views upon men and things and for the first time,have traveled around the entire periphery of my thoughts.This book was a great consolation to me at the period full of paroxysms and misery and it never disappointed me when all else failed to console me.I think it not improbable that I am still living just because I was able to write such a book.
这本书中包藏了我的秘密，因此我寄赠此书给你和你高贵的夫人也就是出于信任将秘密交到了你们手中，现在它也是你们的秘密了。是我写了这本书，在其中我披露了我内心深处对人对物的看法，也是第一次全面地探索了我的思想。在我情绪失控和饱受折磨的日子里，这本书对我是莫大的安慰，当所有其他都不能安慰我时，它总不会让我失望。我想，就算说我写了这本书才让我存活至今，也不是不可能的。
I was obliged to resort to a pseudonym for several reasons；in the first place,because I did not wish to counteract the effect of my earlier works,and secondly because this was my only means of preventing a public and private befouling of my personal dignity（something I am no longer able to endure on account of the state of my health）and finally and chiefly,because I wish to make possible a scientific discussion in which all of my intelligent friends could take part,unrestrained by feelings of delicacy,as has hitherto been the case whenever I have published anything.No one will speak or write against my name！
有很多原因让我不得不使用笔名。首先，我不愿对早期作品形成冲击；其次，这是我唯一不在公开或私人场合受到诽谤的办法了（由于身体状况我已无力承受）；最后，也是最重要的，我想制造一场科学大讨论，让我有智慧的朋友们都来参加，不受情面的约束。至今为止，无论我何时发表作品，朋友们都碍于情面不肯发言或写文章反驳我！
I know of no one of them who entertains the ideas expressed in this book and must confess to a great curiosity as to the counter arguments which such a book will provoke.
我认识的人里面没有人持有书中这样的观点，坦白讲，我也很好奇这本书会激起怎样的异议。
I feel very much like an officer who has stormed a breastwork despite his severe wounds；he has reached the top and unfurled his flag,and notwithstanding the terrifying spectacle by which he is surrounded,experiences much more joy than sorrow.
我感觉自己就像一个身负重伤却以猛烈之势攻下了敌军工事的军官，冲上最高点挥舞着大旗，尽管周围的景象惨不忍睹，内心的喜悦却远胜于痛苦。
Although I know of no one who shares my views,as I have already said,I am conceited enough to think that I have not thought individually but collectively.I have the most curious feeling of solitude and multitude；of being a herald who has hastened on in advance without knowing whether the band of knights is following or not—in fact,whether they are still living.
虽然我说过没有人与我有同样的观点，我还是自信地认为我的观点不是个人思考所得，而是集体智慧的结晶。我对独处和群居的感觉非常罕见，就像自己是一个先驱在前冲锋，却不知道后面的骑士们是否跟随着自己，事实上，甚至不知道他们是否还活着。
periphery[pəˈrɪfəri]n.边缘；周围；外围
例 The sociological study of religion moved from the centre to the periphery of sociology.
宗教的社会学研究从社会学的中心学科变成了边缘学科。
paroxysm[ˈpærəksɪzəm]n.突然发作，发作
例 Brian,who had watched with sincere pity the young man’s paroxysm of grief,approached him.
布莱恩怀着深深的同情怜悯注视着这悲痛欲绝的青年，走到他的身边。console[kənˈsəʊl]vt.安慰，慰问
例 She felt she could console the child better than anyone else.
她认为自己比任何人都能更好地安慰这孩子。
pseudonym[ˈsuːdənɪm]n.假名，化名，（尤指）笔名
例 Eric Blair wrote under the pseudonym of George Orwell.
埃里克·布莱尔用乔治·奥威尔这个笔名写作。
counteract[ˌkaʊntərˈækt]vt.抵消；中和
例 My husband has to take several pills to counteract high blood pressure.
我丈夫不得不吃几片药来降压。
befoul[bɪˈfaʊl]vt.弄脏，诽谤
例 He is reluctant to see his families befouled by mean neighbours.
他不愿意看到家人被刻薄的邻居们诽谤。
breastwork[ˈbrestˌwɜːk]n.（临时性的）低矮防护墙，胸墙
例 In the burning village I was visible to everyone and as soon as I dove into one of the trenches,the shell exploded on the breastwork.
我所在的位置敌我双方都能看到，当我要跑进一个战壕的时候，一发炮弹在胸墙上爆炸。
conceited[kənˈsiːtɪd]adj.自负的；骄傲自大的
例 Even if we achieve great success in our work,we should not be conceited.
即使我们在工作中取得了很大的成绩，也不应该自满。
①I think it not improbable that I am still living just because I was able to write such a book.
这个句子中，“improbable”做“think”的宾语补足语，“it”是形式宾语，指代“that I am living……”同样用法的词和短语还有“consider”、“feel”、“find”等。
例 Reaching the age of 20，he found it impossible to live carefreely.
20岁的时候，他发现无忧无虑的生活是不可能的。
②I know of no one of them who entertains the ideas expressed in this book.
这个句子中“expressed in this book”做后置定语修饰“ideas”，省略了“which/that is”。定语从句中关系代词代替先行词做主语，且从句中有be动词时，关系代词和be动词均可省略。
例 The messages displayed in his speech are inspiring.
他的讲话中传递出来的信息很振奋人心。
③I am conceited enough to think that I have not thought individually but collectively.
这个句子中运用“enough to do something”的结构表示“足够……做某事”。
例 She is not brave enough to climb the tree.
她不敢爬树。
1.Walking with a friend in the dark is better than walking alone in the light.—Helen Keller
在黑暗中与朋友并肩同行好过在光亮中独自行走。——海伦·凯勒
2.Friendship is always a sweet responsibility,never an opportunity.—Khalil Gibran
友谊是甜蜜的责任，而不是机遇。——纪伯伦
3.My best friend is the one who brings out the best in me.—Henry Ford
最好的朋友促使我变成最好的自己。——福特
4.Prejudices are what fools use for reason.—Friedrich Nietzsche
偏见是愚者思考的方式。——弗里德里希·尼采
5.Suspicion is the poison of friendship.—St,Augustine,Bishop of hippo
怀疑是对友谊所下的毒药。——希波主教 圣奥古斯丁
6.A friend is a second self.
朋友是第二个自我。
7.Friendship is like money,easier made than kept.—Samuel Butler
友谊如金钱一般，容易得到却不易保持。——塞缪尔·巴特勒
8.Happiness is a perfume you cannot pour on others without getting a few drops on yourself.—Emerson
幸福犹如香水，你不可能泼向别人而自己却不沾几滴。——爱默生
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