Unit 2
给予、提供
give[౺Iv]★
give back归还
give thanks感恩
render[ˈrendə]★
render sb．a service提供服务
impart[Imˈpɑːt]★
impart knowledGe to pupils
向学生传授知识
supply[səˈplaI]★
in short supply供应不足supply vaccines供应疫苗
offer[ˈɒfə]★
offer quotation报价
offer loans发放贷款
provision[prəˈvIʒ(ə)n]★
供给……食物及必需品
provide[prəˈvaId]★
provide feedback提供反馈
provide shelter提供栖身之地
afford[əˈfɔːd]
music affords her pleasure音乐给她快乐
afford relief给予安慰
C4 T3 P1 Q6 图表题
【题 目】Provision of 6．___提供自行车
【原 文】Participants in this enterprise were supplied with bicycles．为参与者提供自行车.
【答 案】bicycles
C4 T4 P3 Q35 配对题
【题 目】An acceptance of the role of the state in guaranteeing the provision of the health-care．接受国家在提供医疗 保障中所扮演的角色.
【原 文】by the end of 1970s…The state has no obligation to provide a health-care system itself, but to ensure that such a system is provided．政府本身没有义务提供医疗卫生体系,但是有义务确保这样一个体系的存在.
【答 案】B between 1950 and 1980
考点再现
C3 T1 P3 Q27 C4 T1 P1 Q12
优势、优点
advantage[ədˈvɑːntIdʒ]★
regional advantage区位优势
home advantage主场优势
benefit[ˈbenIfIt]★
benefit from受益于
employee benefit员工福利
strength[stregθ]
Take into account your own strenGths and weaknesses．考虑一下你自己的长处和弱点.
merit[ˈmerIt]
They have been persuaded of the merits of peace．
他们已经被说服,认识到了和平的好处.
C6 T4 P1 Q4 list of headings
【题 目】Paragraph D
【原 文】A tremendous advantage in gettingthe attention of busy doctors in need of quick information． 巨大的优势就是获得了那些工作忙碌并需要快速了解信息的医生的关注.
【答 案】ix The positive side of drugs promotion药品推销的积极方面
缺陷、缺点
disadvantage[ˌdIsədˈvɑːntIdʒ]★
educational disadvantage教育劣势
disadvantage preGnancy不良妊娠
weakness[ˈwiːknəs]★
You should know your weakness．
你应清楚自己的弱点.
flaw[flɔː]★
a flaw in a diamond钻石上的一个瑕疵
surface flaw表面缺陷
shortcoming[flɔːtkʌmIg]
market shortcoming市场缺陷
drawback[ˈdrɔːbæk]★
analyze drawback弊端分析
main drawback主要缺陷
defect[ˈdIfekt]★
artificial defect人工缺陷
zero defect零缺陷
deficiency[dIˈfIʃ(ə)nsI]
mental deficiency智力缺陷
deficiency disease营养缺乏病
demerit[diːˈmerIt]
C11 T1 P1 Q5 填空题
【题 目】The fact that vertical farms would need___light is a disadvantage． 垂直农业需要人造光是一个缺点.
【原 文】A major drawback of vertical farming, however, is that the plants would require artificial light． 垂直农业的主要缺点在于作物需要人造光.
【答 案】artificial
机经真题Francis Ronalds and teleGraph 段落信息匹配题
【题 目】There existed a drawback of Ronaldsƴs telegram． Ronalds的电报存在缺点.
【原 文】D段:The only defect in his invention was the comparative slowness． 他的发明的唯一缺点是相对较慢.
【答 案】D段
考点再现
C1 T1 P2 Q24 C1 T4 P1 Q14 C2 T4 P3 Q37
重要的、关键的
important[Imˈpɔːtnt]★
crucial[ˈkruːʃl]★
indispensable[IndIˈspensəb(ə)l]★
substantial[səbˈstænʃ(ə)l]
key[kiː]★
vital[ˈvaIt(ə)l]★
paramount[ˈpærəmaʊnt]★
essential[Iˈsenʃ(ə)l]
C6 T2 P3 Q27 配对题
【题 目】A developed system of numbering一套发达的计数系统
【原 文】As they began to settle, Grow plants and herd animals, the need for a sophisticated number system became paramount．随着他们开始安定生活、种植作物和放牧牲畜,对一套复杂计数系统的需求变得极为迫切.
【答 案】B was necessary when people began farming当人们开始耕种时是必要的
C6 T3 P2 Q26 配对题
【题 目】clerical workers行政工作人员
【原 文】The clerical workers considered factors such as quality of work performed and job knowledge near the top of their list． 行政工作人员将工作表现质量和业务知识等因素排在列表前面.
【答 案】C They think that the quality of their work is important． 他们认为工作质量是重要的.
C6 T4 P3 Q35 填空题
【题 目】The most important step is for the school authorities to produce a 35．___which makes the school′s attitude towards bullying quite clear． 最重要的步骤是学校制订一项政策,表明学校对欺凌现象的态度很明确.
【原 文】Evidence suggests that a key step is to develop a policy on bullying, saying clearly what is meant by bullying．证据表明,控制欺凌行为最核心的步骤是制订针对欺凌行为的政策,明确欺凌行为意味着什么.
【答 案】policy
考点再现
C2 T2 P3 Q30 C3 T1 P1 Q5 C3 T3 P2 Q17 C4 T4 P1 Q10 C8 T4 P1 Q5C11 T1 S3 Q24
认为、确信
deem[diːm]★
think[౻I౼k]
reckon[ˈrek(ə)n]★
believe[bIˈliːv]
C8 T3 P1 Q12 判断题
【题 目】Obtaining money to improve the lasers will depend on Tests in real storms． 获得改善激光武器所需的资金依赖于在真正的暴风雨中进行的试验.
【原 文】He reckons that the forthcominG field Tests will be the turninG point—and he is hoping for good news． Bernstein predicts“an avalanche of interest and support”if all goes well．他认为,即将进行的现场测验会成为一 个转折点,而且他也在期待着好消息. Bernstein预言,如果一切顺利,这将吸引“排山倒海般的兴趣和支持”.
【答 案】YES
保护、保存
protect[prəˈtekt]★
protect wear防护服
protect mode保护模式
conserve[kənˈsɜːv]★
conserve natural habitats保护自然栖息地
conserve soil and water保护水土
preserve[prIˈzɜːv]★
Wax polish preserves wood and leather．上光蜡可以保护木材和皮革.
secure[sIˈkjʊə]
Microsoft access does very little to secure data．
微软数据库管理系统对于保护数据做得很少.
C2 T1 P1 Q10/11 填空题
【题 目】The island will be partially protected from storms by 10．___and also by 11．___．该岛通过大屿山 和海防工事免受暴风雨侵扰.
【原 文】The brunt of a typhoon will be deflected by the neighbouring island of Lantau; the sea walls should Guard against the rest． 台风的冲击会被附近的大屿山岛减轻一些;海防工事会抗击其他的冲击.
【答 案】Lantau Island, sea walls
C7 T3 P3 Q35 配对题
【题 目】Resolution 2决议2
【原 文】The second resolution concentrates on the need to preserve the Genetic diversity of European forests． 第二项决议的重点是需要保护欧洲森林基因的多样性.
【答 案】A All kinds of species of trees should be preserved． 所有种类的树木都必须受到保护.
考点再现
C1 T1 P1 Q1 C4 T2 P1 Q12 C8 T3 P3 Q40
确保、确信
assure[əˈʃʊə(r)]★
I assure you I′ll be there．
我向你保证我一定到那儿去.
guarantee[ˌɡærənˈtiː]★
Unity is the guarantee of victory．团结是胜利的保证.
ensure[Inˈʃʊə(r)]★
ensure fundinG for priority areas
确保优先地区的贷款
convince[kənˈvIns]
C4 T2 P1 Q11 判断题
【题 目】A large number of native speakers fails to guarantee the survival of a language． 本地语言使用者的数量再多也未必能确保一门语言的存活.
【原 文】Navajo is considered endangered despite having 150ư000 speakers．What makes a language endangered is not just the number of speakers, but how old they are．尽管仍有15万人使用纳瓦霍语,但这种语言还是处于濒危状态.使一 种语言濒危的不单是其使用者的人数,还有使用者的年龄.
【答 案】YES
考点再现
C4 T4 P3 Q35 C6 T1 P1 Q19
边界
frontier[ˈfrʌntIə; frʌnˈtIə]★
frontier technoloGy前沿科技
frontier education国防教育
border[ˈbɔːdə(r)]★
border dispute边境争端
boundary[ˈbaʊnd(ə)rI]★
boundary blend边界混合
boundary layer边界层
border the Mediterranean濒临地中海
C7 T3 P3 Q32 判断题
【题 目】Forest policy should be limited by national boundaries． 森林政策应该被国界限制.
【原 文】This means that a forest policy is vital, and that it must transcend national frontiers．这意味着,森林政策 至关重要,它必须超越国界.
【答 案】FALSE
考点再现 C9 T4 P4 Q39
消极的、有害的
harmful[ˈhɑːmfəl]★
harmful radiation有害辐射
harmful chemicals有害化学品
detrimental[ˌdetrIˈmentl]★
detrimental corrosion有害的腐蚀
detrimental mutation有害的突变
negative[ˈnewətIv]★
negative effect负面影响
negative factor消极因素
bad[bæd]
bad debt坏账bad apple坏蛋
机经真题magnetic therapy 配对题
【题 目】According to the WHO, under the physician′s instruction, a small amount of magnetic energy___．WHO认为,在医 生指导下,少量的磁疗___.
【原 文】The World Health OrGanization says low level of magnetic energy is not harmful． 世界卫生组织说低水平的磁疗没有害处.
【答 案】A has no neGative side effect没有副作用
考点再现 C3 T1 P2 Q22
消除
eliminate[IˈlImIneIt]★
eliminate illiteracy扫除文盲
eliminate political
opponent清除政治对手
strip[strIp]
strip of剥夺
stripped security剥离证券
clear[klIə]
clear up清理
clear the tunnel清扫隧道
disappear[dIsəˈpIə]
She disappeared down the corridor．
她消失在走廊尽头.
eradicate[IˈrædIkeIt]★
eradicate crimes消除犯罪
eradicate corruption消除腐败
smooth away[smuːðəˈweI]
smooth away difficulty排除困难
smooth away these folds消除这些折痕
get rid of
get rid of the distractions around you．消除周围分散你注意力的事物.
C1 T1 P3 Q37 配对题
【题 目】Buildings become simple and functional建筑变得简单并具有功能性
【原 文】These were stripped of unnecessary decoration that would detract from their primary purpose—to be used or lived in． 减少了不必要的装饰,而装饰会影响它们原来的用途———使用或是居住.
【答 案】F All decoration is removed．所有装饰被移除.
C12 T7 P2 Q20 填空题
【题 目】Certain diseases have disappeared, thanks to better___and health-care．
【原 文】While many diseases that affect humans have been eradicated due to improvements in vaccinations and the availability of health-care． 由于疫苗接种的进步和医疗保健服务的提供,很多困扰人类的疾病已经根除了.
【答 案】vaccinations疫苗
考点再现
C3 T2 P3 Q35 C11 T1 P1 Q12
移除、抽除
remove[rIˈmuːv]★
remove parameters移除参数
remove wrong perception消除错误概念
extract[ˈekstrækt]★
extract a tooth拔牙
extract from从……提取
C7 T2 P2 Q14 段落信息匹配题
【题 目】a cost involved in purifying domestic water 涉及净化家庭用水的花费
【原 文】E段: 23m for the removal of the bug cryptosporidium from drinkinG water by water companies． 2300万英镑用于自来水公司清除饮用水中所含的隐孢子虫病菌.
【答 案】E段
C8 T3 P1 Q7 填空题
【题 目】A laser is used to create a line of ionization by removing electrons from 7．___． 在该方法中,激光被用来创造一连串电离子用于从电荷中移除原子.
【原 文】The idea began some 20 years ago, when highgpowered lasers were revealing their ability to extract electrons out of atoms and create ions．激光器显示了从原子中提取电荷并生成离子的能力.
【答 案】B atoms
考点再现 C1 T2 P2 Q18
导致、引起
contribute to[kənˈtrIbjʊt]★
Various factors contributed to his downfall．多种因素的作用导致了他的倒台.
trigger[ˈtrIWə]★
trigger a largegscale consumption campaign引发一场大规模消费高潮
result in[rIˈzʌlt In]★
The flood resulted in a considerable reduction in production．
这次水灾导致了相当大的减产.
lead to[liːd tuː]★
The suppression of tribal and reliGious identity can lead to violence．
对部族和宗教认同的镇压可能导致暴力.
bring about[brig౼əbaut]
To that extent they helped bring about their own destruction．
他们正是如此推波助澜,导致了自己的毁灭.
cause[kɔːz]
Accidents are still the number one cause of premature death for Americans．
交通事故仍然是造成美国人过早死亡的最重要因素.
induce[Inˈdjuːs]
illness induced by overwork过度劳累引起的疾病
generate[ˈdʒenəreIt]
His kind smile soon generated friendliness．
他友善的微笑很快营造了友好的气氛.
incur[Inˈkɜː]
incur somebody′s displeasure引起某人的不快
C3 T1 P2 Q18 判断题
【题 目】Thirty percent of deaths in the United States are caused by smokinggrelated diseases．美国30%的死亡是由与吸 烟相关的疾病所造成的.
【原 文】Smoking, it is believed, is responsible for 30 per cent of all deaths from cancer． 据信,吸烟占引发癌症死亡总数的30%.
【答 案】NO
C5 T4 P1 Q7 判断题
【题 目】The spread of tourism in certain hillgregions has resulted in a fall in the amount of food produced locally．
一些丘陵地区旅游业的发展导致了当地粮食产量的下降.
【原 文】In some hillgregions, this has led to a serious decline in farm output and a change in the local diet． 在一些丘陵地区,这种变化导致了粮食产量的严重下降和当地饮食的改变.
【答 案】YES
机经真题Silent Earthquake 填空题
【题 目】It might bring about 11．___．它可能带来巨大的海啸.
【原 文】triggered immense tsunamis引发巨大的海啸
【答 案】immense tsunamis
考点再现
C2 T1 P3 Q40 C8 T2 P2 Q24 C8 T1 P2 Q20 C8 T4 P2 Q14
有用的、有帮助的
instrumental[ˌInstrʊˈmentl]★
He was instrumental in catching the criminal．在捉拿那个罪犯的过程中,他起了作用.
useful[ˈjuːsfl]
Someone came out with a most useful suggestion．有人提出了一个非常有用的建议.
helpful[ˈhelpfl]
Talking things out with someone else can be helpful．
跟别人讨论时,把问题彻底谈开了是有用的.
C2 T1 P2 Q23 判断题
【题 目】Doctors have been instrumental in improving living standards in Western society． 在西方社会,医生对提高生活标准是有帮助的.
【原 文】未提及
有益的
informative[InˈfɔːmətIv]增进知识的,有益的;见闻广博的★
The adverts are not very informative．这些广告并没有包含太多有用信息.
beneficial[ˌbenIˈfIʃl]★
A good diet is beneficial to health．良好的饮食有益于健康.
rewarding[rIˈwɔːdIg]
Compassion for others creates loving, rewarding relationships．
同情他人会产生爱和有益的关系.
profitable[ˈprɒfItəbl]
They found it profitable to exchanGe and compare ideas．
他们发现交流思想、互相比较有好处.
advantageous[ˌædvənˈteIdʒəs]
The trade agreements are advantageous to both countries．贸易协定将对签约的两国都有利.
C3 T4 P3 Q27 主旨大意题
【题 目】The writer of the article finds the exhibition to be文章的作者认为展览将会
【答 案】D informative信息量大的,有益的
C8 T3 P3 Q28 list of headings
【题 目】Paragraph C
【原 文】The reason for this is easy to recognise, and immortality would disturb this system—it needs room for new and better life．This is the basic problem of evolution． 原因显而易见,永生可能会打破这个系统,因为它需要为新式且更好的生命提供空间,这是进化的基本问题.
【答 案】ii Why dying is beneficial为什么死亡是有益的
技巧点拨
在list of headings题型中题目中以why开头的选项,文章中多半会有the reason for与之对应.
考点再现
C5 T3 P4 Q40 C6 T2 P1 Q5
明确的
explicit[IkˈsplIsIt; ekG]★
It′s an explicit statement．这句话说得很明确.
definite[ˈdefInət]
She made no definite plans for her future．她对未来没有确定的计划.
C6 T4 P3 Q36 填空题
【题 目】It should include detailed 36．_____as to how the school and its staff will react if bullyinG occurs． 它应包括详细的指导,比如如果欺凌行为发生时,学校及其教职工将如何反应.
【原 文】Giving explicit guidelines on what will be done if it occurs． 当欺凌现象发生时就如何做给予明确的指导.
【答 案】Guidelines
明显的
apparent[əˈpærənt]★
The correct answer is apparent．正确的答复是很明显的.
remarkable[rIˈmɑːkəbl]★
Remarkable economic results have been achieved．取得了显著的经济效益.
evident[ˈevIdənt]★
an evident mistake明显的错误
selfgevident不言而喻的
clear[klIə(r)]
clear cause of death明显的死因
clear view清晰视界
noticeable[ˈnəʊtIsəb(ə)l]
noticeable trend明显的趋势
noticeable impact显著的影响
significant[sIgˈnIfIk(ə)nt]★
significant difference显著性差异
significant change显著变化
obvious[ˈɒbvIəs]
obvious intention明显的意图
obvious warning明显的警告
manifest[ˈmænIfest]
a manifest error of judgment
判决的明显错误
C2 T4 P2 Q16 单选题
【题 目】University academics are concerned because 大学学术受到关注是因为
【原 文】The Universities of Oxford and Cambridge recently held joint conference to discuss the noticeable rapid decline in literacy among their undergraduates． 牛津大学和剑桥大学最近召开联合会议,讨论在学校本科生中值得注意的读写能力快速下降的现象.
【答 案】D There has been a significant change in student literacy． 学生读写方面的巨大改变.
C9 T1 P3 Q40 主旨大意题
【题 目】According to the writer, the most significant thing about tortoises is that 作者认为,关于乌龟最重要的一件事为
【原 文】Tortoises therefore represent a remarkable double return． 因此很明显,乌龟曾往返于水中和陆地生存.
【答 案】D they have made the transition from sea to land more than once． 它们不止一次从海洋迁徙到陆地.
考点再现 C4 T4 P3 Q37 C7 T1 P2 Q19 C7 T4 P3 Q34
有限的
limited[ˈlImItId]★
Shops have a very limited selection．商店里的选择非常有限.
finite[ˈfaInaIt]★
The physical universe is finite in space and time．物质世界在时间和空间上是有限的.
C4 T4 P3 Q32 配对题
【题 目】the retaliation that the resources of the national health systems were limited 人们意识到医疗资源是有限的
【原 文】In the 1950s and 1960s, there emerged an awareness in Western societies that resources for the provision of fossil fuel energy were finite…we became aware of the obvious fact that there were“limits to Growth”． 在20世纪50年代和60年代,西方社会意识到:化石燃料能源的供应是有限的ƻƻ我们开始意识到一个显而易见的事实,即增长是 有限的.
【答 案】B between 1950 and 1960
C6 T2 P1 Q11 配对题
【题 目】Perth珀斯
【原 文】Perth is a Good example of a city with minimal public transport． 珀斯是最低限度发展公交系统的典范.
【答 案】inefficient due to a limited public transport system 由于有限的公共交通系统效率不高
考点再现 C6 T4 P1 Q8
限制、抑制
limit[ˈlImIt]★
The general Assembly may limit the time to be allowed to each speaker．
联合国大会可限制每一发言者的发言时间.
restrict[rIˈstrIkt]★
Such information is restricted within military personnel．
这类情报资料仅限于在军事人员内部参阅.
confine[kənˈfaIn]★
Talent does not confine to GeoGraphical area and reliGion．才能不局限于地域和宗教.
narrow[ˈnærəʊ]★
That would narrow transatlantic differentials．这会使大西洋两岸的差异缩小.
constrain[kənˈstreIn]★
Cold weather constrained the plant′s Growth．寒冷的天气抑制了植物的生长.
constrict[kənˈstrIkt]
Greed and aGGressiveness constricted the nation′s cultural life．
贪婪与侵略性使该国的文化生活停滞不前.
suppress[səˈpres]
He couldn′t suppress his anger．他简直怒不可遏.
C5 T4 P3 Q39 填空题
【题 目】There is no limit to the photosynthetic rate in plants such as 39．___． 不受光合作用限制的植物包括甘蔗.
【原 文】Some plants reach maximal photosynthesis at onegquarter sunlight, and others,like sugarcane, never reach a maximum．一些植物在1/4全光照的时候能达到光合作用最高值,而另外一些植物,比如甘蔗,从来不能达到最高值.
【答 案】sugarcane
C7 T2 P1 Q11 单选题
【题 目】In a Japanese pagoda, the shinbashira日本宝塔中的shinbashira
【原 文】The shinbashira, running up through a hole in the centre of the building,
constrained individual storeys from moving too far．shinbashira的中柱从建筑物的中央孔贯穿而下,使得单个楼层 不会移得太远.
【答 案】D stops the floors moving too far防止楼层移得太远
考点再现
C3 T4 P2 Q22 C5 T4 P3 Q29 C6 T1 P3 Q32
C6 T1 P1 Q3 C6 T2 P3 Q28
练练看
Match the words in A with the synonyms in B．
A
1．impart
2．benefit
3．flaw
4．indispensable
5．deem
6．conserve
7．assure
8．frontier
9．harmful
10．eliminate
11．remove
12．triGGer
13．instrumental
14．beneficial
15．apparent
16．limit
B
1．drawback
2．merit
3．render
4．extract
5．reckon
6．rewardinG
7．boundary
8．contribute to
9．confine
10．helpful
11．paramount
12．ensure
13．eradicate
14．preserve
15．remarkable
16．detrimental