第二章 西部地区发展现状与思路

摘要

本章主要对西部大开发十多年来的经济社会发展现状进行了综合分析和评价。分析认为，西部大开发以来西部地区经济发展明显加快，发展活力不断增强，发展水平不断提高，发展质量不断提升；经济快速发展同时促进了社会全面进步，居民生活质量大幅提高，城镇化发展迅速，公共服务逐步完善，人口素质不断提高；基础设施和生态环境建设取得突破性进展，西部地区全面建设小康社会与构建社会主义和谐社会进入新阶段。然而西部地区发展任务仍然非常艰巨，与东部地区相比经济社会发展的差距仍然较大，主要问题表现为区域协调发展、产业发展、能源资源综合开发利用、生态环境保护、人力资本开发、公共服务、统筹城乡发展、改革开放等方面。

基于上述分析，本章提出“十二五”时期西部地区在原有发展的基础上，开发理念应由注重增长速度转向发展质量、效益与速度并重，以“巩固基础与深入推进”作为“十二五”时期的发展主题，以增强内生增长动力、促进发展方式转型作为西部地区发展的关键，通过推动“六个增长”实现“四个新突破”，最终实现“西部地区综合经济实力上一个大台阶，人民生活水平和质量上一个大台阶，生态环境保护上一个大台阶”的总体目标。

Abstract

This chapter focuses on the analysis and evaluation of economic and social development of the western regions in China since the introduction of large-scale development policy more than 10 years ago.The analysis indicates that since the large-scale development of the western regions, the economic development of the western region has accelerated noticeably, the vitality of development is strengthened ceaselessly, the level of development continuously improves, and the quality of development upgrades.Besides the development of economy, social progress is also promoted.For example, the quality of life of the residents has increased, the urbanization development is swift and violent, the basic public services are gradually perfect, and the population quality is continuously improving.In addition, the infrastructure and ecological environment construction has made a breakthrough, the comprehensive construction of a well-off society and the building of a harmonious socialist society is updated. However, the development of the western regions is still a relatively arduous task, because the gap between the western and the eastern regions is still large.The main problems lies in eight aspects of regional development coordination, industrial development, comprehensive development and utilization of energy resources, ecological and environmental protection, human capital development, basic public services, urban and rural development, reform and opening.

Based on the above analysis, this chapter reveals that in the“12th Five-Year Plan”period, the priorities of the development of western regions need to be shifted from the speed to both speed and quality, taking“consolidation and further promotion”as the theme, taking enhancing endogenous growth momentum and promoting transformation of development mode as the key, promoting“six growth”, making“four new breakthroughs”, and ultimately realizing the overall objective of“a big step in the economic strength, a big step in the living standards and quality, a big step in the protection of the ecological environment”.