第五章 西部地区基础设施建设

摘要

基础设施对区域经济发展具有重要的带动作用。西部大开发以来，我国西部地区的基础设施建设取得了明显成效，综合交通运输体系逐步完善，动力基础设施建设取得突破，信息基础设施的支撑能力进一步提高，一批大型骨干水利工程先后建成并投入使用。值得注意的是，新一轮西部大开发基础设施建设中也存在不少需要解决的重大问题，如对基础设施效益综合性和建设战略性的正确认识问题、能源输送通道建设问题、局部地区水电资源开发与生态环境保护的协调问题、特高压电网建设问题以及智慧城市建设问题等。在对上述问题进行研究的基础上，本章提出了新一轮西部大开发的基本思路：坚持突出重点的发展和建设导向，采取量力而行和跨越发展兼顾的发展路径，坚持生态优先的建设理念，完善政府主导与市场化运作相结合的投资建设体制。根据新一轮西部大开发的基本思路，本章认为，“十二五”期间西部地区基础设施建设应重点做好五项工作，即进一步加快交通基础设施建设，加快西北地区能源输送通道建设，稳妥推动特高压电网建设，稳步推动西南地区水电站建设，加快重点经济区内智慧城市建设步伐。为了完成上述任务，本章提出了正确履行政府在基础设施建设中的职能，创新投资融资方式，加强基础设施建设领域反腐制度建设，完善基础设施建设中的协调机制等对策措施。

Abstract

Infrastructure plays an important driving role in regional economic development.Since the development of the Western region, we have achieved tangible achievements in the infrastructure construction in Western China, including that integrated transport systems have been gradually improved, dynamic infrastructure has got breakthrough, supporting capabilities of information infrastructure have been further enhanced, and a group of large shaft water project has been put into use.What is worthy of note is that infrastructure construction in the new cycle of Western development is confronted with many major issues which need to be addressed, such as the correct understanding of integrated benefits and the strategic construction concerning to infrastructure, problems on energy transmission channel construction, problems on UHV grid construction, coordination issues between local area hydropower resources development and ecological environment protection, and problems on Wise City construction.On the basis of the above-mentioned study, the report proposes basic ideas of a new cycle of great Western development:adhere to development and construction guide with highlighting the focus, take the development path taking the affordable and leap-forward development into account, adhere to eco-priority construction concept, further perfect the Government-led investment and construction combined with market operation system.According to the basic ideas of the new cycle of development of the Western region, the report points out that infrastructure construction in the Western region during the 12th five-year plan should focus on five points, that is, further quickening the construction of transportation infrastructure, accelerating the construction of energy transmission in the Northwest channel, steadily promoting the construction of UHV and hydroelectric power station in Southwest China, and accelerating the pace of construction of Wise City in the key economic region.In order to accomplish the above tasks, the report proposes a number of measures, such as the proper discharge of government functions in the construction of infrastructure, innovating methods of investment and financing, strengthening the construction of anti-corruption system in the field of infrastructure construction, and improving the coordination mechanisms in infrastructure construction.

基础设施是社会先行资本中的重要构成部分，在我国社会经济发展中构成了其他产业直接或间接的动力与支持系统，对区域经济增长有着强有力的带动作用。因此，改善基础设施状况是西部大开发的主要目标之一，而加快基础设施建设则成为西部大开发的战略选择。