16．兰溪棹歌
凉月如眉挂柳湾，越中山色镜中看。
兰溪三日桃花雨，半夜鲤鱼来上滩。
中文解读
《兰溪棹歌》是戴叔伦创作的名篇。这是一首富于民歌风味的船歌。题中“兰溪”，即婺州兰溪县境内的兰溪（又称东阳江，是富春江的上游）；棹（zhào）是船桨，棹歌即船家摇桨时唱的歌。戴叔伦在公元780年（德宗建中元年）农历五月至次年春曾任东阳令，兰溪在东阳附近，这首诗大约是他在这段时间所作的。
“凉月如眉挂柳湾”，首句写舟行所见的岸边景色：一弯如眉的新月，映射着清冷的光辉，正低挂在水湾的柳梢上。“越中山色镜中看”，次句转写水色山影。“山色镜中看”，描绘出越中一带水清如镜，两岸秀色尽映水底的美丽图景。
“兰溪三日桃花雨，半夜鲤鱼来上滩。”船继续前行，不经意间已从平缓如镜的水面驶到滩头。听到滩声哗哗，诗人才联想到连日春雨，兰溪水涨，滩声听起来也变得更加急骤了。在滩声中，似乎时不时听到鱼儿逆水而行时发出的泼刺声，诗人又不禁想到，这该是撒欢的鲤鱼趁着春江涨水，在奔滩而上了。
这里所写的“三月桃花雨”与“鲤鱼来上滩”都不是目接之景，而都是诗人的想象之景。正因为多了这一层想象，诗情显得更为浓郁了。
白话译文
一弯蛾眉月挂在柳湾的上空，月光清朗，凉爽宜人。
越中山色倒映在水平如镜的溪面上，煞是好看。
淅淅沥沥的春雨，下了三天，溪水猛涨，鲤鱼争抢新水，
夜半人静时纷纷涌上溪头浅滩。
英译一
A Fisherman's Song on Lanxi Stream
Translated by Guo Zhuzhang
A cool, brow-shaped moon's hung on the tops of the bend willows，
The landscape of hills mirrored in the stream is clearly seen.
As a result of three days'spring drizzles on Lanxi streams，
At midnight carps jump again and again onto beaches.
（brow n．眉毛 drizzle n．毛毛细雨 carp n．鲤鱼）
英译二
The Boatman's Song on the Lanxi River
Translated by Witter Bynner
The cold moon above the willowy stream resembles a brow in shape，
As in a mirror is seen Yue's mountainous landscape.
For three days on the Lan fall rains of the blooming peaches，
And the carps at midnight gaily jump onto the beaches.
（gaily adv．快乐地）
英译欣赏
The poem describes the charming landscapes on the Lanxi River on a spring evening and the fisherman's response to the scene. Gentle and graceful in style， the first two lines picture the moonlit trees, the willowy river and the green mountains reflected in the water. The“cold”reminds people of the lingering chilly spring and the word“mirror”, the calm river in the moonlight. However， the third and fourth lines describe that after a fall of spring rain, the river begins to teem with fish.
这首《兰溪棹歌》虽然流传甚广，但英译并不多见，所选为一中一西两种翻译。
英译一为武汉大学郭著章教授的作品，他将每句译成14个音节，译诗整齐美观。
第一句A cool, brow-shaped moon's hung on the tops of the bend willows，可以理解为：A cool moon which is shaped like brow is hung on tops of the willows at the river bend（河湾处的柳树）。第二句The landscape of hills mirrored in the stream is clearly seen，可以理解为：The landscape of hills is seen clearly like a mirror。第三句中spring drizzles，春天的毛毛细雨，也就是“桃花雨”之意。第四句“半夜鲤鱼来上滩”，译文增加了again and again，似乎译者认为鲤鱼是反复地跳上河滩的。是耶非耶？读者可以自己理解。
英译二是美国诗人Witter Bynner翻译的，译文用词稍多，但比较忠实地表达出了原诗的意境和含义。The cold moon above the willowy stream resembles a brow in shape, As in a mirror is seen Yue's mountainous landscape，柳溪上空的凉月形状好像眉毛，就像越地的山色可以在镜子里看到。动词resemble（与……相像），用得很巧妙形象。第二句倒装，原文为：As Yue's mountainous landscape is seen in a mirror。
For three days on the Lan fall rains of the blooming peaches, And the carps at midnight gaily jump onto the beaches, “桃花雨”这里直译为rains of the blooming peaches，这句是倒装，原句是：Rains of the blooming peaches fall for three days on the Lan, And the carps jump gaily onto the beaches at midnight。译文增加了gaily，显得很有喜感：鲤鱼在半夜快乐地跳到沙滩上。
思考
“桃花雨”译为spring drizzles或rains of the blooming peaches，哪个更贴切？