Part Five Grammar

Basic Sentence Patterns

基本句型

句子是人们进行交际和表达思想的基本语言单位。它由一个或一个以上的分句按一定的语法规则构成，是能表达一个完整的意思并有一定语音和语调的语法单位。通常，英语简单句有以下几种基本句型。

1．主语+谓语

1）He smoked．他以前抽烟。

2）She stopped．她停了下来。

2．主语+谓语（系动词）+主语补语

1）The show is interesting．这表演有趣。

2）I was tired．我累了。

注意：主语补语在语法上又被称为表语。

3．主语+谓语+宾语

1）He likes chatting．他喜欢聊天。

2）I bought a ticket．我买了一张票。

4．主语+谓语+间接宾语+直接宾语

1）He taught us English．他教我们英语。

2）I sent her a gift．我给她送了礼物。

5．主语+谓语+直接宾语+宾语补语

1）I saw her walking．我看到她在散步。

2）She found my question funny．她发现我的问题好笑。

Practice

Directions Define the grammatical function of the underlined part in each of the following sentences.

1．Do you like reading?

2．Her work is looking after the old man.

3．Please tell her my question.

4．He stayed up.

5．I saw her playing the violin.

6．He was late.

7．Do you find it interesting?

8．He passed me his watch.