Part Six Translation
Compound Sentence I
复合句的翻译（一）：主语从句
主语从句是名词性从句中的一种，顾名思义，其在句子中的作用相当于主语，一般情况下按照原来语序翻译即可。然而，英语中主语从句的位置比汉语主语的位置灵活多变，为了准确地表达原文的信息，必要情况下需要进行语序调整或词类转换。常用的主语从句翻译方法有以下几种。
1．由that, what, whatever, who, whoever, whether, which等引导的主语从句，通常按照原文的语序翻译；若主语从句过长，可将从句译为独立分句，主句主语用“这”复指。例如：
1) That he finished writing the composition in such a short time surprised us all.
他在如此短的时间就写好作文，这让我们大家很吃惊。
2) What would work better for the country is concentrating on self-control.
对这个国家来说更有效的是人们注意自控。
3) Whoever breaks the rule will be punished.
任何人违规都要受到惩罚。
4) Whatever grade the team received would be shared by all the members.
无论小组取得什么成绩都是每个小组成员的成绩。
2．“It”作为形式主语时，真正的主语从句在翻译的时候，通常会涉及语序调整或词类转换。例如：
1）It is quite natural that children are curious about the world around them.
孩子们对周围的世界感到好奇是很正常的。（语序调整）
2）It is a pity that you have missed the chance to talk with the world-famous scientist.
真遗憾，你错过了和那位世界知名科学家聊天的机会。（词类转换）
Practice
在线练习
Directions Translate the following sentences into Chinese.
1．Whether it is true is questionable.
2．What she did is so shocking that I can hardly describe it.
3．Whether we will hold a party outside tomorrow depends on the weather.
4．Whatever we do is to meet the needs of the majority.
5．It is a pity that you couldn't come to the picnic.
6．Whoever has interest in it can apply for the membership.
7．It is important that every member inform himself of these rules.
8．That they should refuse to sign the petition required great courage.
9．When they will come is still unknown.
10．It is natural that young people are often uncomfortable when they are with their parents.