Chapter 5　Health status of children and adolescents

In 2016，the incidence of perinatal birth defects was 13.52‰ in the household registered residents，and 26.06‰ in the non-registered，with a 17.4% and 6.1% decrease from 2015，respectively.A total of 235，852 newborns were screened among which 234 were diagnosed.The incidence of low birth weight was 4.2% in the permanent residents，with an increase of 2.4% over the preceding year.

In the 2015-2016 school year，the detection rate of low vision was 58.6% in elementary and secondary school students，1.0% lower than that in the 2014-2015 school year.The detection rate of obesity was 16.3%，an increment of 4.5% from 2014-2015 school year.

In 2015，the average nutrient intake by elementary and secondary school students was imbalanced.The consumption of livestock and poultry meat and salt intake was higher than recommended.The dietary intake of eggs and oil was adequate.Lower than recommended nutrient intake were grain and tubers，beans，fruits，vegetables，aquatic products，milk and dairy products，soybeans and nuts.Among students，the marginal deficiency and deficiency rate of vitamin A was 6.6% and 0.4%.The deficiency and insufficiency rate of vitamin D was 23.2% and 26.6%.