第10章 THE PREACHERS OF DEATH 死亡的说教者
There are preachers of death: and the earth is full of those to whom desistance from life must be preached.
Full is the earth of the superfluous; marred is life by the many-too-many. May they be decoyed out of this life by the "life eternal"!
"The yellow ones": so are called the preachers of death, or "the black ones." But I will show them unto you in other colours besides.
There are the terrible ones who carry about in themselves the beast of prey, and have no choice except lusts or self-laceration. And even their lusts are self-laceration.
They have not yet become men, those terrible ones: may they preach desistance from life, and pass away themselves!
There are the spiritually consumptive ones: hardly are they born when they begin to die, and long for doctrines of lassitude and renunciation.
They would fain be dead, and we should approve of their wish! Let us beware of awakening those dead ones, and of damaging those living coffins!
They meet an invalid, or an old man, or a corpse and immediately they say: "Life is refuted! "
But they only are refuted, and their eye, which seeth only one aspect of existence.
Shrouded in thick melancholy, and eager for the little casualties that bring death: thus do they wait, and clench their teeth.
Or else, they grasp at sweetmeats, and mock at their childishness thereby: they cling to their straw of life, and mock at their still clinging to it.
Their wisdom speaketh thus: "A fool, he who remaineth alive; but so far are we fools! And that is the foolishest thing in life! "
"Life is only suffering": so say others, and lie not. Then see to it that ye cease! See to it that the life ceaseth which is only suffering!
And let this be the teaching of your virtue: "Thou shalt slay thyself! Thou shalt steal away from thyself! "
"Lust is sin, " so say some who preach death "let us go apart and beget no children! "
"Giving birth is troublesome, " say others "why still give birth? One beareth only the unfortunate! " And they also are preachers of death.
"Pity is necessary, " so saith a third party. "Take what I have! Take what I am! So much less doth life bind me! "
Were they consistently pitiful, then would they make their neighbours sick of life. To be wicked that would be their true goodness.
But they want to be rid of life; what care they if they bind others still faster with their chains and gifts!
And ye also, to whom life is rough labour and disquiet, are ye not very tired of life? Are ye not very ripe for the sermon of death?
All ye to whom rough labour is dear, and the rapid, new, and strange ye put up with yourselves badly; your diligence is flight, and the will to self-forgetfulness.
If ye believed more in life, then would ye devote yourselves less to the momentary. But for waiting, ye have not enough of capacity in you nor even for idling!
Everywhere resoundeth the voices of those who preach death; and the earth is full of those to whom death hath to be preached.
Or "life eternal"; it is all the same to me if only they pass away quickly!
Thus spake Zarathustra.
有的人是死亡的说教者：同时，在这个世界上存在着许多应该被劝说放弃生命的人。
这个世界上充满了多余的人；生命已经遭受了严重过剩的人口的损害。但愿人们能够被称为“永恒的生命”这一诱饵，引导着离开这个生命！
“穿着黄袍的人”或是“穿着蓝袍的人”：他们就是所谓的死亡的说教者。但是我将要向你们展示他们身上的其他颜色。
这些令人感到胆寒的家伙，拥有着无比野蛮的兽心，他们除了强烈的欲望和自我损害之外，别无选择。甚至，他们强烈的欲望就是自我损害。
他们还没有变成人类，那些令人感到胆寒的家伙们：但愿他们能够被劝说放弃生命，就此离去吧！
他们就是灵魂的消耗者：当他们刚刚降临到这个世界上的时候，他们就已经开始走向死亡了，并且他们渴求疲倦懒散和放弃权力的教条。
他们会欣然接受自己行将死亡的现实，并且我们应该承认他们的希望！让我们小心提防，阻止死去的家伙被唤醒，或者毁坏这些活生生的棺材！
他们遇见了一个无能的人，或是一位老人，或是一具尸体——他们会立刻说道：“生命是被推翻的。”
但是，真正被推翻的是他们自己，还有他们那双只能看到存在的其中一个方面的眼睛。
如果他们在阴沉、忧郁的环境下生活，并且渴求会带来死亡的小小风险，他们就会咬紧牙关，苦苦等待。
或者是，他们会伸手去拿糖果，并且嘲笑自己的孩子气：他们会紧紧抓牢将生命全部悬在上面的稻草，并且嘲笑自己仍然在那个稻草上面。
因此，他们的智慧说道：“那些仍旧活在世上的人都是傻子，但是，从目前来看，我们都是傻子！而这是人的生命中最傻的事！”
“生命之中只有痛苦”：别人如是说，这些并不是什么谎言。那么，我恳请你们停止生活吧！当生活只剩下痛苦的时候，我恳请你们停止生活吧！
让这些成为你的道德的教训：“你应该杀害自己！你应该将自己偷去！”
“强烈的欲望是一种罪恶，”一些说教的人如是说——“让我们就此离去吧，不要再生育孩子了！”
“孕育生命是相当麻烦的事，”第二批人说道，“当孕育生命的人注定承担不幸的命运，那么还会有谁去孕育生命！”他们同样也是死亡的说教者。
“拥有怜悯的情感是必要的，”第三批人说道，“拿走关于我的一切物品吧！拿走我自己的身体吧！我和生命之间的联系将会越来越少。”
如果他们能够始终如一地保持怜悯的情感，那么他们就会让周围的邻居们开始厌恶生命。为了恶——将是他们真正的善意。
但是，他们想要摆脱生命，如果他们的锁链和礼物，能够用更快的速度绑紧其他人，他们又该怎么顾及呢？
而对于你们来说，你们的生命是粗重的劳动和永不停歇，你们就没有厌倦生命吗？你们是不是已经足够成熟可以接受死亡的说教了呢？
你们都喜欢充满繁重的体力劳动的生活以及快速、崭新并且奇特的事物——你们对于自己的生活已经忍无可忍；你们的勤奋只不过是想要进行自忘的逃避和意志而已。
如果你对生活抱有更多的信仰，你便不会在那一瞬间奉献你自己。不过，你的自身并没有足够的能力——所以你不能等待，甚至就连消磨时光也不行！
那些传教死亡的人的声音在四周回荡着；而这个世界上充满了应该被劝说放弃生命的人。
或是“永恒的生命”：这些对于我来说都是一样的——只要他们能够快点离开这里！
查拉图斯特拉如是说。