第12章 THE NEW IDOL 新偶像
Somewhere there are still peoples and herds, but not with us, my brethren: here there are states.
A state? What is that? Well! open now your ears unto me, for now will I say unto you my word concerning the death of peoples.
A state, is called the coldest of all cold monsters. Coldly lieth it also; and this lie creepeth from its mouth: "I, the state, am the people."
It is a lie! Creators were they who created peoples, and hung a faith and a love over them:thus they served life.
Destroyers, are they who lay snares for many, and call it the state: they hang a sword and a hundred cravings over them.
Where there is still a people, there the state is not understood, but hated as the evil eye, and as sin against laws and customs.
This sign I give unto you: every people speaketh its language of good and evil: this its neighbour understandeth not. Its language hath it devised for itself in laws and customs.
But the state lieth in all languages of good and evil; and whatever it saith it lieth; and whatever it hath it hath stolen.
False is everything in it; with stolen teeth it biteth, the biting one. False are even its bowels.
Confusion of language of good and evil; this sign I give unto you as the sign of the state. Verily, the will to death, indicateth this sign! Verily, it beckoneth unto the preachers of death!
Many too many are born: for the superfluous ones was the state devised!
See just how it enticeth them to it, the many-too-many! How it swalloweth and cheweth and recheweth them!
"On earth there is nothing greater than I: it is I who am the regulating finger of God" thus roareth the monster. And not only the long-eared and short-sighted fall upon their knees!
Ah! even in your ears, ye great souls, it whispereth its gloomy lies! Ah! it findeth out the rich hearts which willingly lavish themselves!
Yea, it findeth you out too, ye conquerors of the old God! Weary ye became of the conflict, and now your weariness serveth the new idol!
Heroes and honourable ones, it would fain set up around it, the new idol! Gladly it basketh in the sunshine of good consciences, the cold monster!
Everything will it give you, if ye worship it, the new idol: thus it purchaseth the lustre of your virtue, and the glance of your proud eyes.
It seeketh to allure by means of you, the many-too-many! Yea, a hellish artifice hath here been devised, a death-horse jingling with the trappings of divine honours!
Yea, a dying for many hath here been devised, which glorifieth itself as life: verily, a hearty service unto all preachers of death!
The state, I call it, where all are poison-drinkers, the good and the bad: the state, where all lose themselves, the good and the bad: the state, where the slow suicide of all is called"life."
Just see these superfluous ones! They steal the works of the inventors and the treasures of the wise. Culture, they call their theft and everything becometh sickness and trouble unto them!
Just see these superfluous ones! Sick are they always; they vomit their bile and call it a newspaper. They devour one another, and cannot even digest themselves.
Just see these superfluous ones! Wealth they acquire and become poorer thereby. Power they seek for, and above all, the lever of power, much money these impotent ones!
See them clamber, these nimble apes! They clamber over one another, and thus scuffle into the mud and the abyss.
Towards the throne they all strive: it is their madness as if happiness sat on the throne!Ofttimes sitteth filth on the throne. and ofttimes also the throne on filth.
Madmen they all seem to me, and clambering apes, and too eager. Badly smelleth their idol to me, the cold monster: badly they all smell to me, these idolaters.
My brethren, will ye suffocate in the fumes of their maws and appetites! Better break the windows and jump into the open air!
Do go out of the way of the bad odour! Withdraw from the idolatry of the superfluous!
Do go out of the way of the bad odour! Withdraw from the steam of these human sacrifices!
Open still remaineth the earth for great souls. Empty are still many sites for lone ones and twain ones, around which floateth the odour of tranquil seas.
Open still remaineth a free life for great souls. Verily, he who possesseth little is so much the less possessed: blessed be moderate poverty!
There, where the state ceaseth there only commenceth the man who is not superfluous: there commenceth the song of the necessary ones, the single and irreplaceable melody.
There, where the state ceaseth pray look thither, my brethren! Do ye not see it, the rainbow and the bridges of the Superman?
Thus spake Zarathustra.
我的兄弟们，有些地方直到现在都还拥有民族和种群，但那些地方绝不是我们这里，我们这里只拥有国家。
一个国家？国家是什么东西？好吧！现在，打开你的耳朵好好听我说，从现在开始，我将会跟你说一些关于民族的衰亡的事例。
一个国家，被人们称为是所有冷酷的怪兽之中最为冷酷无情的。他还会冷酷地说谎；这就是从他的嘴里爬出来的谎话：“我，国家，就是民族。”
这就是一个谎言！他们创造了民族，并且为他们高高地悬挂了一种信仰和一种爱，他们是创造者，他们为生命服务。
毁灭者会给许多人放下陷阱，并且管这些陷阱叫做国家：他们会在他们的头上悬挂一把剑和一百种欲望。
只要是这个地方仍旧存在着民族，那么国家在这里就是不被人所理解的，他们会痛恨它，视它为邪恶的眼睛以及抵抗法律和传统的罪恶。
我将这些标志统统给你：每一个民族都拥有属于自己的包含善与恶的语言：这样的语言即使是他们的邻居也是没有办法理解的。任何一个民族都是在它们的法律和传统的习俗中发明了这样的语言。
但是，国家会利用一切善与恶的语言说谎；它们说的任何话都是谎言，它们所拥有的一切都是偷来的。
任何事物都有虚假的一面；我将这些被看做是一种状态的标志给你。说真的，这样的标志表明了一心求死的意志！真的，它能吸引死亡的说教者！
数不胜数的人来到了这个世界：国家就是为了这些多余的人而被创造出来的！让我们来看看，它是如何来诱使这些多余的人口的！看看它是如何吞噬他们、啃咬他们以及消化他们的！
噢！在这个世界上，没有任何事物要比我还要伟大：我就是那个控制上帝的手指的人——这些怪物咆哮着，跪了下来，不仅仅是长耳朵、眼光短浅的人！
唉！对于你们这些耳朵和伟大的灵魂啊！它们在轻声向你们诉说着阴暗的谎言！唉！它们发现了这些心甘情愿浪费的富有的心灵！
是的，它们也发现了你，你们是古老的上帝的征服者！你们厌倦成为矛盾的冲突对象，现在，你们的厌倦心理要为新的偶像服务！
它心甘情愿受到英雄们和那些备受人们崇敬的人们的统领，新的偶像！它非常乐意将自己沐浴在伟大的良心的日光之中——这个冷酷的怪兽！
如果你们愿意去崇拜它的话，它就会把所有的事物都给你们，这个新的偶像：它会购买你那充满了光亮的道德光泽以及骄傲的眼神凝视。
它想通过你的方式引诱那些多余的应该被劝说放弃生命的人！是的，它发明了一种地狱般的阴谋诡计，一匹死掉的骏马，配着拥有神圣荣誉的，叮当作响的马鞍！
是的，它决定了很多人的死亡，它自身就像生命一样熠熠生辉的死亡：说真的，它对于死亡的说教者来说，是一种非常伟大的功绩。
我管它叫国家，所有喝毒药的人，无论是好人还是坏人：这个国家里面的所有人全都迷失了自己，无论是好人还是坏人：这个国家，是广大人民群众的慢性自杀——它被称为“生命”。
让我们快来看看这些多余的人群！他们偷走了创造者的作品以及聪明的人留下来的宝藏。文化，他们管这些叫偷窃——并且对于他们来说，任何的事物都会变成脆弱和麻烦！
让我们快来看看这些多余的人群！他们往往非常虚弱；他们大口地吐着胃液，然后管这个叫做报纸。他们彼此之间互相吞噬，他们甚至不能消化掉对方。
让我们快来看看这些多余的人群！他们越是富有，最后就会变得越是贫穷。他们寻找的是力量，一种凌驾于所有力量之上的力量以及数不清的金钱——这些都是非常重要的东西！
快看看他们攀爬，他们这些手脚灵活的猴子们！他们彼此之间互相攀爬，并且互相扭打着掉进了泥浆和深渊里。
他们所有人都想无限接近梦寐以求的权位：这就是他们的疯狂——在他们眼里，就好像幸福就坐在那个权位之上！然而，坐在权位上面的往往只是泥土而已。——皇帝的座位往往也在泥土里面。
在我看来，他们全都是疯狂的人，攀爬的猴子以及热情过度的人。他们不过就是散发着恶臭的偶像，这些冷酷的怪兽：对于我来说，他们的身上散发着非常恶心的腐臭味。
我的兄弟们，你们愿意在他们用嘴呼出的香气和食欲中窒息而死吗？
我奉劝你们最好打破窗户，跳进户外的空气之中！
最好离那些令人感到作呕的气味远一点！快点逃离这些多余的偶像吧！
最好离那些令人感到作呕的气味远一点！快点逃离这些人类牺牲的雾气吧！
伟大的灵魂仍旧可以在这片大地上自由自在的生活。现在仍旧有许多地方，那些热爱隐居的人士，可以独自一人或是成群结伴地隐藏在这里，在这样的地方，到处漂浮着宁静的海洋的香气。
伟大的灵魂仍然可以享受自由自在的生活。说真的，一个人如果占有的东西越少，那么他被占有的东西也就越少：适度的贫穷是会受到祝福的！
这里，就是国家灭亡的地方——这里只有不多余的人才能存在下来：必要之人的歌声，那独一无二、无法替换的悠扬旋律才会开始。
这里，就是国家灭亡的地方——我的兄弟们！抬起头看吧！你们没有看到彩虹和超人之桥吗？
查拉图斯特拉如是说。