注释

[1]It has been tied to diabetes in pregnancy: N. Bakalar, “Lack of Sleep Tied to Diabetes in Pregnancy,” The New York Times, October 18, 2017, http://www.nytimes.com.

[2]postpartum depression in new fathers: D. Quenqua, “Can Fathers Have Postpartum Depression?,” The New York Times, October 17, 2017, http://www.nytimes.com.

[3]Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is now the third leading cause of death: B. James et al., “Contribution of Alzheimer Disease to Mortality in the United States,” Neurology 82, no. 12 (2014): 1045–1050.

[4]two-thirds of the overall risk that you’ll get Alzheimer’s: This may be a confusing way to look at it, but standing at the beginning of your life, as a newborn, that’s how the risk ratios work out. Obviously if you experience a number of environmental factors—toxins, repeated blows to the head—that end up causing Alzheimer’s, your personal risk of environmental causes rises to 100 percent; Klodian Dhana, Denis A. Evans, Kumar B. Rajan, David Bennett, and Martha Clare Morns, Impact of Healthy Lifestyle Factors on the Risk of Alzheimer’s Dementia: Findings from Two Prospective Cohort Studies, Alzheimer’s Association International Conference, Los Angeles, July 14, 2019; I. E. Jansen et al., “Genome-wide Meta-analysis Identifies New Loci and Functional Pathways Influencing Alzheimer’s Disease Risk,” Nature Genetics 5, no. 3 (2019): 404–413.

[5]chronic inflammatory process precedes the onset of Alzheimer’s: P. Eikelenboom et al., “Whether, When and How Chronic Inflammation Increases the Risk of Developing Late-Onset Alzheimer’s Disease,” Alzheimer’s Research and Therapy 4, no. 3 (2012): 15, http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/alzrt118.

[6]Another cutting-edge treatment being investigated: Eikelenboom et al., “Whether, When and How Chronic Inflammation”; D. J. Marciani, “Development of an Effective Alzheimer’s Vaccine,” in Immunology, vol. 1, Immunotoxicology, Immunopathology, and Immunotherapy, ed. M. A. Hayat, pp. 149–169 (London: Elsevier, 2018).

[7]baby rats that received a great deal of licking: M. J. Meaney and M. Szyf, Environmental Programming of Stress Responses through DNA Methylation: Life at the Interface between a Dynamic Environment and a Fixed Genome,” Dialogues in Clinical Neuroscience 7, no. 2 (2005): 103–123.

[8]“Women’s health is critical”: Direct or near direct quotes from L. Warwick, “Dr. Michael Meaney: More Cuddles, Less Stress!,” Bulletin of the Excellence for Early Childhood Development, October 2005, http://www.excellence-earlychildhood.ca/documents/Page2Vol4No2Oct05ANG.pdf.